Weese J S
Department of Pathobiology and Centre for Public Health and Zoonoses, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Ontario, Canada.
Equine Vet J. 2014 Nov;46(6):654-60. doi: 10.1111/evj.12295. Epub 2014 Jun 20.
Infectious diseases are an important cause of morbidity and mortality in horses, along with economic costs and broader impacts associated with the loss of members of a species that generates income, acts as a working animal and is a companion. Endemic diseases continue to challenge, emerging diseases are an ever-present threat and outbreaks can be both destructive and disruptive. While infectious diseases can never be completely prevented, measures can be introduced to restrict the entry of pathogens into a population or limit the implications of the presence of a pathogen. Objective research regarding infection control and biosecurity in horses is limited, yet a variety of practical infection prevention and control measures can be used. Unfortunately, infection control can be challenging, because of the nature of the equine industry (e.g. frequent horse movement) and endemic pathogens, but also because of lack of understanding or motivation to try to improve practices. Recognition of the basic concepts of infection control and biosecurity, and indeed the need for measures to control infectious diseases, is the foundation for successful infection prevention and control.
传染病是马匹发病和死亡的重要原因，同时还会带来经济成本以及与物种成员损失相关的更广泛影响，这些物种能创造收入、作为役用动物并成为伴侣。地方病持续构成挑战，新发疾病始终是威胁，疫情爆发可能具有破坏性和扰乱性。虽然传染病永远无法完全预防，但可以采取措施限制病原体进入种群或限制病原体存在所带来的影响。关于马匹感染控制和生物安全的客观研究有限，但可以采用多种实际的感染预防和控制措施。不幸的是，由于养马业的性质（例如马匹频繁移动）和地方性病原体，感染控制可能具有挑战性，而且还因为缺乏对改进做法的理解或积极性。认识感染控制和生物安全的基本概念，以及确实需要采取措施控制传染病，是成功预防和控制感染的基础。
