Weil R, Mellors P, Fiske T, Sorensen J A
J Agric Saf Health. 2014 Jan;20(1):51-61. doi: 10.13031/jash.20.10425.
Machinery entanglements are one of the top three causes of death in farming. Education on the risks of unshielded power take-off (PTO) equipment does not appear to significantly alter farmers' willingness to replace missing or broken shielding. Different assessments conducted in various regions of the U.S. indicate that as many as one-third to one-half of PTOs are inadequately shielded. Qualitative research was conducted with New York farmers to identify the factors that influence the decision to replace damaged or missing PTO driveline shields. Interview topics included: knowledge of entanglement risks, decisions regarding safety in general, decisions relating to PTO driveline shielding specifically, and the barriers and motivators to replacing missing or broken PTO driveline shields. Interviews with 38 farmers revealed the following themes: (1) farmers are fully aware of PTO entanglement risk, (2) insufficient time and money are primary barriers to purchasing or replacing damaged or missing PTO driveline shields, (3) PTO driveline shield designs are problematic and have led to negative experiences with shielding, and (4) risk acceptance and alternate work strategies are preferred alternatives to replacing shields. Our findings indicate that more innovative approaches will be required to make PTO driveline shield use a viable and attractive choice for farmers. New shield designs that address the practical barriers farmers face, as well as the provision of logistical and financial assistance for shield replacement, may alter the decision environment sufficiently to make replacing PTO driveline shielding a more attractive option for farmers.
农机缠绕事故是农业领域三大致死原因之一。关于无防护动力输出（PTO）设备风险的教育似乎并未显著改变农民更换缺失或损坏防护装置的意愿。在美国不同地区进行的不同评估表明，多达三分之一至二分之一的动力输出装置防护不足。对纽约州农民开展了定性研究，以确定影响更换受损或缺失动力输出传动系统防护装置决策的因素。访谈主题包括：对缠绕风险的了解、一般安全决策、与动力输出传动系统防护装置相关的具体决策，以及更换缺失或损坏的动力输出传动系统防护装置的障碍和动机。对38位农民的访谈揭示了以下主题：（1）农民充分意识到动力输出装置的缠绕风险；（2）时间和资金不足是购买或更换受损或缺失的动力输出传动系统防护装置的主要障碍；（3）动力输出传动系统防护装置的设计存在问题，并导致了防护方面的负面体验；（4）接受风险和采用替代工作策略是比更换防护装置更可取的选择。我们的研究结果表明，需要采用更具创新性的方法，使动力输出传动系统防护装置的使用对农民而言成为一个可行且有吸引力的选择。能够解决农民面临的实际障碍的新型防护装置设计，以及为更换防护装置提供后勤和财政援助，可能会充分改变决策环境，使更换动力输出传动系统防护装置对农民而言成为更具吸引力的选择。
