Tinc Pamela J, Goodspeed Megan M, Sorensen Julie A
The Northeast Center for Occupational Health and Safety: Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing.
J Agromedicine. 2021 Apr;26(2):193-198. doi: 10.1080/1059924X.2020.1795030. Epub 2020 Jul 22.
: Kelman's Processes of Change suggest that individuals participate in behaviors for one of three reasons: because it is required (compliance), because the behavior allows them to maintain a particular social status (identification), or because the behavior aligns with the individuals core beliefs (internalization). This study aims to assess the utility of this model in understanding farmers' attitudes and behaviors regarding power take-off (PTO) shielding to prevent entanglements.: Surveys collected data on 673 farmers' attitudes and behaviors related to PTO shielding in 14 highly agricultural counties of New York. Participants were classified based on Kelman's Processes of Change.: In total, 59.44% of participants could be classified into one of the three Kelman categories based on both attitude and behavior. Of these participants, 18% were classified in the compliance phase, 3% in identification, and 79% in internalization. Of participants who did not display appropriate shielding behavior, 77% still reported having internalized the importance of PTO shielding.: Two main challenges occurred in using Kelman's Processes of Change to assess PTO shielding behaviors among farmers. First, the attitude and behaviors of participants were not always reflective of one another, and second, participants tended to have difficulties distinguishing their primary motivations for PTO shielding (compliance, identification, or internalization). Though participants can be classified based on Kelman's Processes of Change and researchers can benefit from a more in-depth understanding of motivations related to changing safety behaviors, this study indicates that there are challenges in accurately assigning individuals to their appropriate "change" classification.
凯尔曼的改变过程理论表明，个体参与某种行为有三个原因之一：因为这是被要求的（依从），因为该行为能让他们维持特定的社会地位（认同），或者因为该行为与个体的核心信念相符（内化）。本研究旨在评估该模型在理解农民对动力输出轴（PTO）防护装置以防卷入事故的态度和行为方面的效用。
调查收集了纽约14个农业大县673名农民对PTO防护装置的态度和行为数据。参与者根据凯尔曼的改变过程理论进行分类。
总体而言，59.44%的参与者在态度和行为方面可被归类到凯尔曼的三个类别之一。在这些参与者中，18%被归类为依从阶段，3%为认同阶段，79%为内化阶段。在未表现出适当防护行为的参与者中，77%仍表示已将PTO防护的重要性内化。
在运用凯尔曼的改变过程理论评估农民的PTO防护行为时出现了两个主要挑战。首先，参与者的态度和行为并不总是相互反映的；其次，参与者往往难以区分他们进行PTO防护的主要动机（依从、认同或内化）。尽管参与者可以根据凯尔曼的改变过程理论进行分类，研究人员也能从对与安全行为改变相关动机的更深入理解中受益，但本研究表明，在准确将个体归入其适当的“改变”类别方面存在挑战。
