Sundseth Antje, Faiz Kashif Waqar, Rønning Ole Morten, Thommessen Bente
Department of Neurology, Medical Division, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway; Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
Department of Neurology, Medical Division, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway; Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis. 2014 Aug;23(7):1849-55. doi: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2014.02.026. Epub 2014 May 6.
Previous studies have identified insufficient knowledge of stroke symptoms and risk factors both among survivors of stroke and in the general population. The purpose of this study was to investigate knowledge of stroke symptoms and risk factors in a Norwegian stroke population and to identify factors associated with good knowledge.
This prospective study included patients with acute transient ischemic attack, ischemic stroke, and intracerebral hemorrhage. Knowledge of stroke symptoms and risk factors was explored by asking open-ended questions. Bivariate and multivariate regression analyses were performed to identify factors related to good knowledge.
In total, 287 patients (mean age ± standard deviation, 70.0 ± 12.9 years) answered the open-ended questionnaire of which 71% knew at least 1 symptom of stroke whereas 43% knew at least 1 risk factor. Knowledge of both numbness/weakness and speech difficulties as symptoms of stroke (43% of the patients) was associated with lower age (odds ratio [OR], .96; 95% confidence interval [CI], .94-.99), higher education (OR, 2.25; 95% CI, 1.17-4.30), and having previously received information regarding stroke (OR, 7.74; 95% CI, 3.82-15.67). Knowing at least 2 of the 3 risk factors of stroke "smoking", "hypertension", and "diabetes" (14% of the patients) was associated with lower age (OR, .94; 95% CI, .92-.97).
Knowledge of stroke symptoms and risk factors in patients with acute cerebrovascular disease seems to be insufficient. Further educational efforts are needed, as better knowledge may improve prevention of stroke and increase the number of patients who can receive thrombolysis.
既往研究表明，中风幸存者及普通人群对中风症状和危险因素的认知均不足。本研究旨在调查挪威中风人群对中风症状和危险因素的认知情况，并确定与良好认知相关的因素。
这项前瞻性研究纳入了急性短暂性脑缺血发作、缺血性中风和脑出血患者。通过询问开放式问题来探究对中风症状和危险因素的认知。进行双变量和多变量回归分析以确定与良好认知相关的因素。
共有287名患者（平均年龄±标准差，70.0±12.9岁）回答了开放式问卷，其中71%的人至少知道1种中风症状，而43%的人至少知道1种危险因素。将麻木/无力和言语困难作为中风症状的认知（43%的患者）与较低年龄（比值比[OR]，0.96；95%置信区间[CI]，0.94 - 0.99）、较高教育程度（OR，2.25；95% CI，1.17 - 4.30）以及之前接受过中风相关信息（OR，7.74；95% CI，3.82 - 15.67）相关。知晓中风的3个危险因素“吸烟”“高血压”和“糖尿病”中的至少2个（14%的患者）与较低年龄（OR，0.94；95% CI，0.92 - 0.97）相关。
急性脑血管病患者对中风症状和危险因素的认知似乎不足。需要进一步开展教育工作，因为更好的认知可能会改善中风预防并增加能够接受溶栓治疗的患者数量。
