Nedeltchev Krassen, Fischer Urs, Arnold Marcel, Kappeler Liliane, Mattle Heinrich P
Department of Neurology, Inselspital, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse 10, 3010 Bern, Switzerland.
J Neurol. 2007 Feb;254(2):179-84. doi: 10.1007/s00415-006-0313-x. Epub 2007 Mar 2.
Time delays from stroke onset to arrival at the hospital are the main obstacles for widespread use of thrombolysis. In order to decrease the delays, educational campaigns try to inform the general public how to act optimally in case of stroke. To determine the content of such a campaign, we assessed the stroke knowledge in our population.
The stroke knowledge was studied by means of a closed-ended questionnaire. 422 randomly chosen inhabitants of Bern, Switzerland, were interviewed.
The knowledge of stroke warning signs (WS) was classified as good in 64.7%. A good knowledge of stroke risk factors (RF) was noted in 6.4%. 4.2% knew both the WS and the RF of stroke indicating a very good global knowledge of stroke. Only 8.3% recognized TIA as symptoms of stroke resolving within 24 hours, and only 2.8% identified TIA as a disease requiring immediate medical help. In multivariate analysis being a woman, advancing age, and having an afflicted relative were associated with a good knowledge of WS (p = 0.048, p < 0.001 and p = 0.043). Good knowledge of RF was related to university education (p < 0.001). The good knowledge of TIA did not depend on age, sex, level of education or having an afflicted relative.
The study brings to light relevant deficits of stroke knowledge in our population. A small number of participants could recognize TIA as stroke related symptoms resolving completely within 24 hours. Only a third of the surveyed persons would seek immediate medical help in case of TIA. The information obtained will be used in the development of future educational campaigns.
从中风发作到抵达医院的时间延迟是溶栓广泛应用的主要障碍。为了减少延迟，开展了教育活动，试图告知公众在中风情况下如何采取最佳行动。为了确定此类活动的内容，我们评估了我们人群中的中风知识。
通过封闭式问卷研究中风知识。对瑞士伯尔尼随机选取的422名居民进行了访谈。
中风警示信号（WS）的知晓率为64.7%，认为知晓情况良好。中风危险因素（RF）的知晓率为6.4%。4.2%的人既知道中风的警示信号又知道危险因素，表明对中风有非常好的全面认识。只有8.3%的人认识到短暂性脑缺血发作（TIA）是在24小时内缓解的中风症状，只有2.8%的人将TIA识别为需要立即就医的疾病。在多变量分析中，女性、年龄增长以及有患病亲属与对警示信号的良好认知相关（p = 0.048、p < 0.001和p = 0.043）。对危险因素的良好认知与大学教育有关（p < 0.001）。对TIA的良好认知不取决于年龄、性别、教育程度或是否有患病亲属。
该研究揭示了我们人群中风知识的相关不足。少数参与者能够将TIA识别为在24小时内完全缓解的中风相关症状。在TIA情况下，只有三分之一的受访者会寻求立即医疗帮助。所获得的信息将用于未来教育活动的开展。
