Senturias Yasmin Suzanne N
Developmental-Behavioral Pediatrics Program, Levine Children׳s Hospital, Charlotte, NC; Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics of the Carolinas-Charlotte, Carolinas Healthcare System, Charlotte, NC; Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina, Charlotte, NC.
Curr Probl Pediatr Adolesc Health Care. 2014 Apr;44(4):74-81. doi: 10.1016/j.cppeds.2013.12.012.
Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) is a term used to describe the spectrum of conditions associated with prenatal alcohol exposure. These are characterized by facial dysmorphia, growth deficits and central nervous system abnormalities. FASDs are the most common preventable cause of intellectual disability in the United States and have high financial costs. Therefore, efforts at prevention are paramount. When an individual with an FASD goes undiagnosed and when appropriate interventions are not instituted, secondary disabilities such as substance abuse, school dropout, and criminal involvement are common with corresponding suffering endured by both the affected individual and the family. The diagnostic process opens up access to existing tools and resources, including the new American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) FASD algorithm for the evaluation of FASDs, the new AAP FASD toolkit and evidence-based interventions specific to FASDs. Pediatric and adolescent clinicians are challenged to participate in the continuum of care from FASD prevention to identification, diagnosis, and management, including provision of supportive services for families in order for clinicians to make a difference in this 100% preventable disorder.
胎儿酒精谱系障碍（FASD）是一个用于描述与产前酒精暴露相关的一系列病症的术语。这些病症的特征包括面部畸形、生长发育迟缓以及中枢神经系统异常。胎儿酒精谱系障碍是美国智力残疾最常见的可预防病因，且造成高昂的经济成本。因此，预防工作至关重要。当患有胎儿酒精谱系障碍的个体未被诊断出来，且未采取适当干预措施时，诸如药物滥用、辍学和犯罪等继发性残疾很常见，受影响的个体及其家庭都会遭受相应痛苦。诊断过程开启了获取现有工具和资源的途径，包括美国儿科学会（AAP）用于评估胎儿酒精谱系障碍的新算法、新的美国儿科学会胎儿酒精谱系障碍工具包以及针对胎儿酒精谱系障碍的循证干预措施。儿科和青少年临床医生面临挑战，要参与从胎儿酒精谱系障碍预防到识别、诊断和管理的连续护理过程，包括为家庭提供支持性服务，以便临床医生能够对这种100%可预防的病症产生影响。
