a Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences , Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra , Nitra , Slovak Republic.
J Environ Sci Health B. 2014;49(7):505-12. doi: 10.1080/03601234.2014.896673.
In the present study, the antimicrobial and antiradical activities of 15 essential oils were investigated. The antimicrobial activities were determined by using agar disc diffusion and broth microdilution methods against Clostridium genus and antioxidant properties of essential oils by testing their scavenging effect on DPPH radicals activities. We determined the antibacterial activity of Clostridium butyricum, Clostridium hystoliticum, Clostridium intestinale, Clostridium perfringens and Clostridium ramosum. We obtained the original commercial essential oils samples of Lavandula angustifolia, Carum carvi, Pinus montana, Mentha piperita, Foeniculum vulgare Mill., Pinus sylvestris, Satureia montana, Origanum vulgare L. (2 samples), Pimpinella anisum, Rosmarinus officinalis L., Salvia officinalis L., Abies alba Mill., Chamomilla recutita L. Rausch and Thymus vulgaris L. produced in Slovakia (Calendula a.s., Nova Lubovna, Slovakia). The results of the disk diffusion method showed very high essential oils activity against all tested strains of microorganisms. The best antimicrobial activity against C. butyricum was found at Pimpinella anisum, against C. hystoliticum was found at Pinus sylvestris, against C. intestinale was found at Satureia hortensis L., against C. perfringens was found at Origanum vulgare L. and against C. ramosum was found at Pinus sylvestris. The results of broth microdilution assay showed that none of the essential oils was active against C. hystoliticum. The best antimicrobial activity against C. butyricum was found at Abies alba Mill., against C. intestinale was found at Abies alba Mill., against C. perfringens was found at Satureia montana and against C. ramosum was found at Abius alba and Carum carvi. Antioxidant DPPH radical scavenging activity was determined at several solutions of oil samples (50 μL.mL(-1)-0.39 μL.mL(-1)) and the best scavenging effect for the highest concentration (50 μL.mL(-1)) was observed. The antioxidant properties were different in particular plant species. The highest% of inhibition after 30 min. of reaction was observed at Origanum vulgare (93%), Satureia montana (90.66%) and Lavandula augustifolia (90.22%).
在本研究中，我们研究了 15 种精油的抗菌和抗氧化活性。采用琼脂扩散法和肉汤微量稀释法测定精油对梭菌属的抗菌活性，通过测定其对 DPPH 自由基清除活性来检测其抗氧化性能。我们测定了丁酸梭菌、丁酸梭菌、丁酸梭菌、丁酸梭菌和丁酸梭菌的抗菌活性。我们获得了薰衣草、胡萝卜、高山松、胡椒薄荷、茴香、欧洲赤松、蒙塔尼萨蒙塔纳、普通牛至（2 个样品）、莳萝、迷迭香、鼠尾草、阿尔卑斯山白杨、甘菊和普通百里香的原始商业精油样本。斯洛伐克（卡伦杜拉阿斯，新卢博夫纳，斯洛伐克）生产。圆盘扩散法的结果表明，所有测试的微生物菌株对精油的活性都非常高。对 C. butyricum 的最佳抗菌活性在 Pimpinella anisum 中发现，对 C. hystoliticum 的最佳抗菌活性在 Pinus sylvestris 中发现，对 C. intestinale 的最佳抗菌活性在 Satureia hortensis L. 中发现，对 C. perfringens 的最佳抗菌活性在 Origanum vulgare L. 中发现，对 C. ramosum 的最佳抗菌活性在 Pinus sylvestris 中发现。肉汤微量稀释法的结果表明，没有一种精油对 C. hystoliticum 有效。对 C. butyricum 的最佳抗菌活性在 Abies alba Mill. 中发现，对 C. intestinale 的最佳抗菌活性在 Abies alba Mill. 中发现，对 C. perfringens 的最佳抗菌活性在 Satureia montana 中发现，对 C. ramosum 的最佳抗菌活性在 Abius alba 和 Carum carvi 中发现。在几种油样溶液（50 μL.mL(-1)-0.39 μL.mL(-1))中测定了抗氧化 DPPH 自由基清除活性，在最高浓度（50 μL.mL(-1))下观察到最佳清除效果。不同植物物种的抗氧化特性不同。反应 30 分钟后观察到的最高抑制率%为 Origanum vulgare（93%）、Satureia montana（90.66%）和 Lavandula augustifolia（90.22%）。
