Maris M, Wojciechowski M, Van de Heyning P, Boudewyns An
Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Antwerp University Hospital, University of Antwerp, Wilrijkstraat 10, 2650 Edegem, Antwerp, Belgium,
Eur J Pediatr. 2014 Oct;173(10):1319-25. doi: 10.1007/s00431-014-2323-5. Epub 2014 May 10.
Children with Down syndrome are at risk to develop otitis media with effusion (OME). We performed a retrospective and cross-sectional analysis to evaluate the prevalence of OME in children with Down syndrome (DS) for consecutive age categories between 6 months and 12 years. Clinical and audiometric data were available for 107 children followed in a multidisciplinary Down team. A high prevalence of OME was found at the age of 1 year (66.7 %), with a second peak prevalence of 60 % at 6-7 years. A declining trend was observed in children ≥8 years. Overall, 52.3 % of DS children had either OME or ventilation tubes at the time of evaluation. Hearing thresholds were significantly higher in children with bilateral OME (median 36.7 decibel hearing level (dB HL), range 26.7-46.1) compared to those with at least one normally ventilated middle ear (median 28.3 dB HL, range 22.8-3.3), p = 0.013.
We found a high prevalence of OME in children with Down syndrome, with a peak of ≥60 % around 1 and 6-7 years. A declining trend is seen in older children. Mild to moderate hearing loss was present in children with bilateral OME.
唐氏综合征患儿有发生中耳积液性中耳炎（OME）的风险。我们进行了一项回顾性横断面分析，以评估6个月至12岁连续年龄组唐氏综合征（DS）患儿中OME的患病率。多学科唐氏综合征团队对107名患儿进行了随访，获取了他们的临床和听力数据。1岁时OME患病率较高（66.7%），6 - 7岁时出现第二个患病率高峰，为60%。≥8岁儿童中观察到患病率呈下降趋势。总体而言，在评估时，52.3%的DS患儿患有OME或置有通气管。与至少有一侧中耳通气正常的患儿相比，双侧OME患儿的听力阈值显著更高（中位数为36.7分贝听力级（dB HL），范围为26.7 - 46.1），而至少有一侧中耳通气正常的患儿中位数为28.3 dB HL，范围为22.8 - 3.3，p = 0.013。
我们发现唐氏综合征患儿中OME患病率较高，在1岁左右和6 - 7岁左右达到≥60%的高峰。年龄较大儿童中可见下降趋势。双侧OME患儿存在轻至中度听力损失。
