de Paula Weslla Karla Albuquerque Silva, Caminha Maria de Fátima Costa, Figueirôa José Natal, Batista Filho Malaquias
Instituto de Medicina Integral Prof. Fernando Figueira, Recife, PE, Brasil,
Cien Saude Colet. 2014 Apr;19(4):1209-22. doi: 10.1590/1413-81232014194.00602013.
The scope of this study was to describe the prevalence and factors associated with anemia and vitamin A deficiency (VAD) in children under five years old assisted under the Family Health Program. A cross-sectional study was conducted in Pernambuco, Brazil, in 2006. Children between 6 and 59 months-old, who had performed measurements of hemoglobin and serum retinol, were selected using samples from 945 and 563 children respectively. Anemia was determined by the hemoglobin level < 11 g/dL and VAD by serum retinol < µmol/L. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed by Poisson multiple regression using a hierarchical model. Anemia prevalence was 35%, decreasing with the increase number of people per room, maternal age and the child's age. With respect to VAD, its prevalence was 16%, rising in places where garbage disposal was inadequate and in children who had suffered from diarrhea in the previous fifteen days. The prevalence of anemia was more than double that found for VAD, highlighting the influence of environmental factors on VAD.
本研究的范围是描述在家庭健康计划下接受援助的五岁以下儿童中贫血和维生素A缺乏症（VAD）的患病率及相关因素。2006年在巴西伯南布哥州进行了一项横断面研究。分别从945名和563名儿童的样本中选取了6至59个月大且进行过血红蛋白和血清视黄醇测量的儿童。贫血通过血红蛋白水平<11 g/dL来确定，VAD通过血清视黄醇<µmol/L来确定。使用分层模型通过泊松多元回归进行单变量和多变量分析。贫血患病率为35%，随着每间房居住人数、母亲年龄和儿童年龄的增加而降低。关于VAD，其患病率为16%，在垃圾处理不当的地方以及在过去十五天内患过腹泻的儿童中有所上升。贫血的患病率是VAD患病率的两倍多，突出了环境因素对VAD的影响。
