Gruber R, Stähli A, Miron R J, Bosshardt D D, Sculean A
Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; Laboratory of Oral Cell Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
J Periodontal Res. 2015 Feb;50(1):103-12. doi: 10.1111/jre.12186. Epub 2014 May 13.
Connective tissue grafts are frequently applied, together with Emdogain(®) , for root coverage. However, it is unknown whether fibroblasts from the gingiva and from the palate respond similarly to Emdogain. The aim of this study was therefore to evaluate the effect of Emdogain(®) on fibroblasts from palatal and gingival connective tissue using a genome-wide microarray approach.
Human palatal and gingival fibroblasts were exposed to Emdogain(®) and RNA was subjected to microarray analysis followed by gene ontology screening with Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery functional annotation clustering, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis and the Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes/Proteins functional protein association network. Microarray results were confirmed by quantitative RT-PCR analysis.
The transcription levels of 106 genes were up-/down-regulated by at least five-fold in both gingival and palatal fibroblasts upon exposure to Emdogain(®) . Gene ontology screening assigned the respective genes into 118 biological processes, six cellular components, eight molecular functions and five pathways. Among the striking patterns observed were the changing expression of ligands targeting the transforming growth factor-beta and gp130 receptor family as well as the transition of mesenchymal epithelial cells. Moreover, Emdogain(®) caused changes in expression of receptors for chemokines, lipids and hormones, and for transcription factors such as SMAD3, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma and those of the ETS family.
The present data suggest that Emdogain(®) causes substantial alterations in gene expression, with similar patterns observed in palatal and gingival fibroblasts.
结缔组织移植常与Emdogain联合应用于牙根覆盖。然而，来自牙龈和腭部的成纤维细胞对Emdogain的反应是否相似尚不清楚。因此，本研究旨在采用全基因组微阵列方法评估Emdogain对腭部和牙龈结缔组织成纤维细胞的影响。
将人腭部和牙龈成纤维细胞暴露于Emdogain，提取RNA进行微阵列分析，随后通过注释、可视化和综合发现数据库功能注释聚类、京都基因与基因组百科全书通路分析以及检索相互作用基因/蛋白质功能蛋白质关联网络的搜索工具进行基因本体筛选。微阵列结果通过定量逆转录-聚合酶链反应分析进行确认。
暴露于Emdogain后，牙龈和腭部成纤维细胞中106个基因的转录水平上调/下调至少5倍。基因本体筛选将各自的基因分为118个生物学过程、6个细胞成分、8个分子功能和5条通路。观察到的显著模式包括靶向转化生长因子-β和gp130受体家族的配体表达变化以及间充质上皮细胞的转变。此外，Emdogain导致趋化因子受体、脂质受体、激素受体以及转录因子如SMAD3、过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体γ和ETS家族转录因子的表达发生变化。
目前的数据表明，Emdogain会导致基因表达发生显著改变，在腭部和牙龈成纤维细胞中观察到相似的模式。
