Keuroghlian Alex S, Shtasel Derri, Bassuk Ellen L
Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital.
Harvard Medical School.
Am J Orthopsychiatry. 2014;84(1):66-72. doi: 10.1037/h0098852.
A disproportionate number of lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) youth experience homelessness each year in the United States. LGBT youth who are homeless have particularly high rates of mental health and substance use problems, suicidal acts, violent victimization, and a range of HIV risk behaviors. Given the intense needs of LGBT youth experiencing homelessness, it is imperative to understand their unique experiences and develop responsive practices and policies. The range and severity of health risks vary across subgroups of all homeless LGBT youth, and because the population is nonhomogeneous, their particular needs must be identified and addressed. Thus, the purpose of this article is to review the causes of homelessness among LGBT youth, discuss the mental health and victimization risks faced by this population, address differences among homeless LGBT subgoups, and recommend effective interventions and best practices. The authors conclude by discussing promising future research and public policy directions.
在美国,每年有相当数量的女同性恋、男同性恋、双性恋和跨性别(LGBT)青年无家可归。无家可归的LGBT青年出现心理健康和物质使用问题、自杀行为、暴力受害以及一系列艾滋病毒风险行为的比例尤其高。鉴于无家可归的LGBT青年有强烈需求,了解他们的独特经历并制定相应的做法和政策势在必行。所有无家可归的LGBT青年亚群体面临的健康风险范围和严重程度各不相同,而且由于该群体并非同质化群体,必须确定并满足他们的特殊需求。因此,本文旨在回顾LGBT青年无家可归的原因,讨论该群体面临的心理健康和受害风险,探讨无家可归的LGBT亚群体之间的差异,并推荐有效的干预措施和最佳做法。作者最后讨论了未来有前景的研究和公共政策方向。