Dyer B D
Department of Biology, Wheaton College, Norton, MA 02766.
Biosystems. 1989;23(1):41-51. doi: 10.1016/0303-2647(89)90007-5.
Metopus contortus (Class Spirotrichea), Cyclidium borrori, Cyclidium sp., Sonderia tubigula, and two other species of Sonderia (Class Oligohymenophorea) were enriched from the sulfureta of microbial mat communities at Laguna Figueroa near San Quintin, Baja California, Mexico. The ability of some of these species to grow under anaerobic, high-sulfide conditions was demonstrated. The ultrastructural morphology of Metopus and Cyclidium revealed adaptations to anaerobic, high sulfide niches. Metopus lacks typical mitochondria and has structures which may be intracellular bacterial symbionts. Cyclidium borrori, when grown aerobically, has mitochondria with tubular cristae. When it is grown anaerobically in the presence of high amounts of hydrogen sulfide the number of mitochondria remains the same but the mitochondria dedifferentiate, becoming smaller with less well-defined cristae.
扭形梅朵虫（旋毛纲）、博氏环纤虫、环纤虫属物种、管形桑德纤虫以及另外两种桑德纤虫（寡膜纲）是从墨西哥下加利福尼亚州圣昆廷附近菲格罗亚湖微生物垫群落的硫化物中富集得到的。已证实其中一些物种能够在厌氧、高硫化物条件下生长。梅朵虫和环纤虫的超微结构形态显示出对厌氧、高硫化物生态位的适应性。梅朵虫缺乏典型的线粒体，具有可能是细胞内细菌共生体的结构。博氏环纤虫在需氧条件下生长时，有线粒体，其嵴呈管状。当它在大量硫化氢存在的厌氧条件下生长时，线粒体数量保持不变，但线粒体会去分化，变得更小，嵴的清晰度降低。
