Blüher M
Klinik und Poliklinik für Endokrinologie und Nephrologie, Department für Innere Medizin, Neurologie und Dermatologie, Universitätsklinikum Leipzig, AöR, Liebigstr. 20, 04103, Leipzig, Deutschland,
Internist (Berl). 2014 Jun;55(6):687-97; quiz 698. doi: 10.1007/s00108-014-3456-3.
The incidence of obesity has increased dramatically during recent decades. Obesity increases the risk for metabolic and cardiovascular diseases and may therefore contribute to premature death. With increasing fat mass, secretion of adipose tissue derived bioactive molecules (adipokines) changes towards a proinflammatory, diabetogenic and atherogenic pattern. Adipokines are involved in the regulation of appetite and satiety, energy expenditure, activity, endothelial function, hemostasis, blood pressure, insulin sensitivity, energy metabolism in insulin sensitive tissues, adipogenesis, fat distribution and insulin secretion in pancreatic β-cells. Therefore, adipokines are clinically relevant as biomarkers for fat distribution, adipose tissue function, liver fat content, insulin sensitivity and chronic inflammation and have the potential for future pharmacological treatment strategies for obesity and related diseases. This review focuses on the clinical relevance of selected adipokines as markers or predictors of obesity-related diseases and as potential therapeutic tools or targets in metabolic and cardiovascular diseases.
近几十年来，肥胖症的发病率急剧上升。肥胖会增加代谢和心血管疾病的风险，因此可能导致过早死亡。随着脂肪量的增加，脂肪组织衍生的生物活性分子（脂肪因子）的分泌会朝着促炎、致糖尿病和致动脉粥样硬化的模式转变。脂肪因子参与食欲和饱腹感、能量消耗、活动、内皮功能、止血、血压、胰岛素敏感性、胰岛素敏感组织中的能量代谢、脂肪生成、脂肪分布以及胰腺β细胞中的胰岛素分泌的调节。因此，脂肪因子作为脂肪分布、脂肪组织功能、肝脏脂肪含量、胰岛素敏感性和慢性炎症的生物标志物具有临床相关性，并且有可能用于肥胖症及相关疾病未来的药物治疗策略。本综述重点关注特定脂肪因子作为肥胖相关疾病的标志物或预测指标以及作为代谢和心血管疾病潜在治疗工具或靶点的临床相关性。
