Hisanaga A, Eguchi Y, Hirata M, Ishinishi N
Department of Hygiene, Faculty of Medicine, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
Biol Trace Elem Res. 1988 Jun;16(1):77-85. doi: 10.1007/BF02795336.
During the past few centuries, lead production, consumption and emissions, to our total environment have increased remarkably. We have determined the concentrations of lead in 41 well-preserved ancient and 11 contemporary rib bones of a mature age (40-60 y), with a view of historically evaluating lead exposure in humans. The oldest Japanese bones (1000-300 B.C.) were found to contain a mean of 0.58 microgram Pb/g dry wt and a mean molar ratio of lead to calcium of 0.6 x 10(-6), compared with 4.7-5.2 x 10(-6) in the bones of the Edo era (1600-1867 A.D.) and contemporary residents in Japan. The mean molar ratios of female bones were always higher than those of male bones for each era. From this fact we may assume that facial cosmetics were one of the main routes of lead exposure among the ancient Japanese, especially those who lived during the Edo era.
在过去几个世纪里，铅的生产、消费以及向我们整个环境中的排放显著增加。我们测定了41块保存完好的古代成熟年龄（40 - 60岁）的肋骨和11块当代成熟年龄（40 - 60岁）的肋骨中的铅浓度，旨在从历史角度评估人类的铅暴露情况。发现最古老的日本骨骼（公元前1000年 - 公元前300年）平均含铅量为0.58微克/克干重，铅与钙的平均摩尔比为0.6×10⁻⁶，而江户时代（公元1600年 - 1867年）和当代日本居民的骨骼中该比例为4.7 - 5.2×10⁻⁶。每个时代女性骨骼的平均摩尔比总是高于男性骨骼。基于这一事实，我们可以推测面部化妆品是古代日本人，尤其是江户时代日本人铅暴露的主要途径之一。
