Department of Medical Psychology, VieCuri Medical Center, Venlo, The Netherlands; Department of Cognitive Neuropsychology, Tilburg University, Tilburg, The Netherlands.
Sleep Medicine Center "Kempenhaeghe", Heeze, The Netherlands; Department of Neurology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Sleep Med Rev. 2015 Feb;19:51-8. doi: 10.1016/j.smrv.2014.03.008. Epub 2014 Apr 2.
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is associated with impairments in cognitive functioning. Although cognitive complaints are related to quality of life, work productivity and health care expenditures, most research and all reviews have focused exclusively on objective cognitive functioning so far. In this systematic review, we assessed the available literature on subjective measures of cognition in adult OSA patients. Concentration complaints were consistently found to be more severe in untreated OSA patients as compared to primary snorers and healthy controls. The same seems to be true for memory and executive function problems, but firm conclusions cannot be made as of yet, due to methodological limitations of the available studies. Cognitive complaints appear to be at least partially related to subjective sleepiness. Importantly, they are not necessarily a sign of objective cognitive impairment. Additional research is needed to explore the relation between cognitive complaints, sleepiness and mood problems using validated and norm-referenced questionnaires for cognitive complaints. In addition, the impact of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) treatment on cognitive complaints in OSA warrants further study.
阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停（OSA）与认知功能障碍有关。尽管认知障碍与生活质量、工作效率和医疗保健支出有关，但迄今为止，大多数研究和所有综述都仅专注于客观认知功能。在这项系统评价中，我们评估了成人 OSA 患者主观认知测量的可用文献。与原发性打鼾者和健康对照组相比，未经治疗的 OSA 患者的注意力抱怨通常更为严重。对于记忆和执行功能问题，似乎也是如此，但由于现有研究的方法学限制，目前还不能得出明确的结论。认知障碍似乎至少部分与主观嗜睡有关。重要的是，它们不一定是客观认知障碍的迹象。需要进一步研究使用认知障碍的验证和常模参考问卷来探索认知障碍、嗜睡和情绪问题之间的关系。此外，持续气道正压通气（CPAP）治疗对 OSA 患者认知障碍的影响值得进一步研究。
