Banihashemi Layla, Sheu Lei K, Midei Aimee J, Gianaros Peter J
Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA and Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA and Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA.
Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci. 2015 Apr;10(4):474-85. doi: 10.1093/scan/nsu073. Epub 2014 May 19.
Early life experience differentially shapes later stress reactivity, as evidenced by both animal and human studies. However, early experience-related changes in the function of central visceral neural circuits that control stress responses have not been well characterized, particularly in humans. The paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (PVN), bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BNST), amygdala (Amyg) and subgenual anterior cingulate cortex (sgACC) form a core visceral stress-responsive circuit. The goal of this study is to examine how childhood emotional and physical abuse relates to adulthood stressor-evoked activity within these visceral brain regions. To evoke acute states of mental stress, participants (n = 155) performed functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI)-adapted versions of the multi-source interference task (MSIT) and the Stroop task with simultaneous monitoring of mean arterial pressure (MAP) and heart rate. Regression analyses revealed that childhood physical abuse correlated positively with stressor-evoked changes in MAP, and negatively with unbiased, a priori extractions of fMRI blood-oxygen level-dependent signal change values within the sgACC, BNST, PVN and Amyg (n = 138). Abuse-related changes in the function of visceral neural circuits may reflect neurobiological vulnerability to adverse health outcomes conferred by early adversity.
早期生活经历对后期应激反应性有不同的塑造作用，这在动物和人类研究中均有证据支持。然而，与早期经历相关的、控制应激反应的中枢内脏神经回路功能变化尚未得到充分表征，尤其是在人类中。下丘脑室旁核（PVN）、终纹床核（BNST）、杏仁核（Amyg）和膝下前扣带回皮质（sgACC）构成了一个核心的内脏应激反应回路。本研究的目的是探讨童年期情感虐待和身体虐待如何与这些内脏脑区在成年期应激源诱发的活动相关。为了诱发急性精神应激状态，参与者（n = 155）进行了功能磁共振成像（fMRI）适配版的多源干扰任务（MSIT）和斯特鲁普任务，同时监测平均动脉压（MAP）和心率。回归分析显示，童年期身体虐待与应激源诱发的MAP变化呈正相关，与sgACC、BNST、PVN和Amyg（n = 138）内fMRI血氧水平依赖信号变化值的无偏先验提取呈负相关。内脏神经回路功能与虐待相关的变化可能反映了早期逆境赋予的对不良健康后果的神经生物学易感性。
