Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.
Department of Psychology, Kenneth P. Dietrich School of Arts and Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.
Stress Health. 2023 Aug;39(3):525-538. doi: 10.1002/smi.3205. Epub 2022 Oct 27.
Childhood trauma may confer risk for poorer adult health through changes in systemic inflammation. Emotion regulation may plausibly moderate associations between childhood trauma and adult psychological well-being, but it remains unclear whether moderation effects extend to differences in systemic inflammation. To examine whether childhood trauma and emotion regulation separately and interactively predict prospective changes in C-reactive protein (CRP) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) and whether biopsychosocial factors account for observed associations. Healthy midlife adults (N = 331) retrospectively reported on childhood trauma, current trait-level cognitive reappraisal and expressive suppression, and had their blood drawn. At baseline and then a median of 2.85 years later, 279 of the 331 participants had their blood drawn, body mass index calculated, and reported on health behaviours (smoking, sleep), psychological distress (perceived stress, depressive symptoms), and years of education. Childhood trauma predicted prospective increases in CRP (B = 0.004, p = 0.049), which were partially accounted for by differences in adiposity, psychological distress, and health behaviours. In contrast, cognitive reappraisal predicted prospective decreases in IL-6 (B = -0.007, p = 0.006), which were independent of biopsychosocial influences. Cognitive reappraisal further moderated the association between childhood trauma and prospective changes in IL-6 (B = -0.001, p = 0.012) such that childhood trauma predicted greater IL-6 increases but only among adults lower in cognitive reappraisal (B = 0.006, p = 0.007). There were no main or moderation effects of expressive suppression (ps > 0.05). Cognitive reappraisal may attenuate IL-6 changes over time and may moderate the prospective association between childhood trauma and systemic inflammation in midlife.
童年创伤可能通过改变全身炎症而增加成年后健康状况不佳的风险。情绪调节可能合理地调节童年创伤与成年心理幸福感之间的关联，但尚不清楚这种调节作用是否扩展到全身炎症的差异。本研究旨在检验童年创伤和情绪调节是否分别以及交互预测前瞻性 C 反应蛋白 (CRP) 和白细胞介素-6 (IL-6) 的变化，以及生物心理社会因素是否解释了观察到的关联。331 名健康中年成年人（N=331）回顾性报告了童年创伤、当前特质水平的认知重评和表达抑制，并抽取了他们的血液。在基线和中位数为 2.85 年后，331 名参与者中有 279 人抽取了血液，计算了体重指数，并报告了健康行为（吸烟、睡眠）、心理困扰（感知压力、抑郁症状）和受教育年限。童年创伤预测 CRP 的前瞻性增加（B=0.004，p=0.049），这部分由肥胖、心理困扰和健康行为的差异来解释。相比之下，认知重评预测了 IL-6 的前瞻性下降（B=-0.007，p=0.006），这独立于生物心理社会影响。认知重评进一步调节了童年创伤与 IL-6 前瞻性变化之间的关联（B=-0.001，p=0.012），以至于童年创伤预测 IL-6 增加更大，但仅在认知重评较低的成年人中（B=0.006，p=0.007）。表达抑制没有主要或调节作用（p>0.05）。认知重评可能随着时间的推移减轻 IL-6 的变化，并可能调节中年期童年创伤与全身炎症的前瞻性关联。
