Isfahan Kidney Diseases Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. ; Medical Students Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
Isfahan Kidney Diseases Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. ; Department of Pathology, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
Int J Health Policy Manag. 2014 Apr 24;2(4):161-6. doi: 10.15171/ijhpm.2014.37. eCollection 2014 May.
The aim of this survey was to explore the baseline knowledge of the Iranian community about Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) definition and its two main risk factors, i.e. diabetes and hypertension. This study also introduced a model of public education program with the purpose of reducing the incidence of CKD in high-risk groups and thereby decreasing the economic burden of CKD in Iran.
This cross-sectional study was conducted on world kidney day 2013 in Isfahan, Iran. Self-administered anonymous questionnaires evaluating the knowledge of CKD and its risk factors were distributed among subjects who participated in a kidney disease awareness campaign. Chi-square test and logistic regression analysis were used to examine the differences in the level of knowledge across different socio-demographic groups.
The questionnaires were completed by 748 respondents. The majority of these respondents believed that "pain in the flanks" and "difficulty in urination" was the early symptoms of CKD. Roughly, 10.4% knew that CKD could be asymptomatic in the initial stages. Only 12.7% knew diabetes and 14.4% knew hypertension was a CKD risk factor. The respondents who had a CKD risk factor (i.e. diabetes and/or hypertension) were significantly more likely than respondents without CKD risk factor to select "unmanaged diabetes" [Odds Ratio (OR)= 2.2, Confidence Interval (CI) (95%): 1.4-3.6] and "unmanaged hypertension" [OR= 1.9, CI(95%): 1.2-3.0] as "very likely to result in CKD". No more than 34.6% of all respondents with diabetes and/or hypertension reported that their physician has ever spoken with them about their increased risk for developing CKD.
The knowledge of Iranian population about CKD and its risk factors is low. Future public health education programs should put efforts in educating Iranian community about the asymptomatic nature of CKD in its initial stages and highlighting the importance of regular renal care counseling. The high-risk individuals should receive tailored education and be encouraged to adopt lifestyle modifications to prevent or slow the progression of CKD.
本调查旨在探讨伊朗社区对慢性肾脏病（CKD）定义及其两个主要危险因素（即糖尿病和高血压）的基本知识。本研究还介绍了一个公共教育计划模式，目的是降低高危人群的 CKD 发病率，从而降低伊朗 CKD 的经济负担。
这是一项横断面研究，于 2013 年世界肾脏日在伊朗伊斯法罕进行。向参与肾病宣传活动的受试者发放了评估 CKD 及其危险因素知识的自我管理匿名问卷。卡方检验和逻辑回归分析用于检验不同社会人口统计学群体之间知识水平的差异。
共有 748 名受访者完成了问卷。这些受访者中的大多数人认为“腰部疼痛”和“排尿困难”是 CKD 的早期症状。大约 10.4%的人知道 CKD 在早期阶段可能没有症状。只有 12.7%的人知道糖尿病，14.4%的人知道高血压是 CKD 的一个危险因素。有 CKD 危险因素（即糖尿病和/或高血压）的受访者比没有 CKD 危险因素的受访者更有可能选择“未控制的糖尿病”[比值比（OR）=2.2，置信区间（CI）（95%）：1.4-3.6]和“未控制的高血压”[OR=1.9，CI（95%）：1.2-3.0]作为“极有可能导致 CKD”的因素。不超过 34.6%的患有糖尿病和/或高血压的受访者报告说，他们的医生曾与他们讨论过他们患 CKD 的风险增加。
伊朗人群对 CKD 及其危险因素的知识水平较低。未来的公共卫生教育计划应努力教育伊朗社区了解 CKD 在其早期阶段的无症状性质，并强调定期肾脏保健咨询的重要性。高危人群应接受有针对性的教育，并鼓励他们改变生活方式，以预防或减缓 CKD 的进展。
