Department of Chemistry, University of Kalyani , Nadia 741 235, West Bengal, India.
Environ Sci Technol. 2014 Jun 17;48(12):6973-80. doi: 10.1021/es4056142. Epub 2014 Jun 6.
Saliva, an easily accessible biofluid, is validated as biomarker of arsenic (As) exposure in several villages of West Bengal, India. Pentavalent arsenic [As(V)] was found to be the predominant species in saliva, with the amount of inorganic As [As(V) and trivalent form, As(III)] being more than half of the total As in the samples. Significant association was found between total daily ingestion of As and As(V) (r = 0.59; p = 0.000), As(III) (r = 0.60; p = 0.000), dimethylarsinous acid (DMA(V)) (r = 0.40; p = 0.000), and monomethylarsonous acid (MMA(V)) (r = 0.44; p = 0.000), implying that these species have mainly been derived from the methylation of the inorganic As in the water that study participants drank and the food they ate. Analysis of confounding effects of age, sex, smoking, body mass index and the prevalence of skin lesion suggests that women and controls with no skin lesion had a higher capacity to methylate the ingested As compared to the rest of the population. Thus, our study demonstrates that As species in saliva can be an useful tool to predict the individual susceptibility where higher As exposure and a lower methylation capacity are implicated in the development of As-induced health effects.
唾液是一种易于获取的生物流体，已在印度西孟加拉邦的几个村庄中被验证为砷（As）暴露的生物标志物。研究发现，五价砷[As(V)]是唾液中的主要存在形态，无机砷[As(V)和三价砷，As(III)]的含量超过样本中总砷的一半。总砷摄入量与 As(V)（r = 0.59；p = 0.000）、As(III)（r = 0.60；p = 0.000）、二甲基砷酸（DMA(V))（r = 0.40；p = 0.000）和一甲基砷酸（MMA(V))（r = 0.44；p = 0.000）呈显著相关，这表明这些形态主要来自于研究参与者所饮用水和所食用食物中无机砷的甲基化。对年龄、性别、吸烟、体重指数和皮肤损伤发生率等混杂因素的影响分析表明，与其他人群相比，女性和无皮肤损伤的对照组对摄入的砷具有更高的甲基化能力。因此，我们的研究表明，唾液中的砷形态可以作为一种有用的工具来预测个体易感性，其中更高的砷暴露和更低的甲基化能力与砷诱导的健康影响的发展有关。
