Ikei Harumi, Song Chorong, Kagawa Takahide, Miyazaki Yoshifumi
Center for Environment, Health and Field Sciences, Chiba University.
Nihon Eiseigaku Zasshi. 2014;69(2):104-10. doi: 10.1265/jjh.69.104.
To clarify the physiological and psychological effects of a one-day forest therapy.
The experiments were conducted at three sites, each containing a forest area and an urban area in Japan. Twelve male students participated at each of the three venues (total, 36 subjects). The subjects were randomly assigned to visit either the forest or urban area and were instructed to view the scenery in a seated position for 15 min. Heart rate variability and heart rate were measured to assess physiological response. The semantic differential method, reports of "refreshed" feeling, "state anxiety" in the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) and Profile of Mood States (POMS) were used to determine psychological responses.
Physiological data revealed that the subjects demonstrated significantly different responses to the forest and urban environments. For heart rate variability, the subjects showed a significantly higher ln(HF) and a lower ln(LF/HF) in the forest environment than in the urban environment. Heart rate decreased in the forest environment relative to that in the urban environment. The forest environment was perceived as significantly more "comfortable," "soothing," and "natural" than the urban environment after viewing. The score for "refreshed" feeling was also significantly higher. The score for the "state anxiety" in STAI was significantly reduced by viewing the scenery in the forested areas. The score for the "vigor" subscale of the POMS was significantly improved by viewing the scenery in the forested areas, whereas scores for negative feelings, such as "tension-anxiety" and "fatigue," were significantly reduced.
These results provided scientific evidence of the physiological and psychological effects of a one-day forest therapy.
阐明一日森林疗法的生理和心理效应。
实验在日本的三个地点进行，每个地点都包含一个森林区域和一个城市区域。在这三个地点，各有12名男学生参与（共36名受试者）。受试者被随机分配去参观森林或城市区域，并被要求坐着观赏风景15分钟。测量心率变异性和心率以评估生理反应。使用语义差异法、“恢复精神”感觉的报告、状态-特质焦虑量表（STAI）中的“状态焦虑”以及情绪状态剖面图（POMS）来确定心理反应。
生理数据显示，受试者对森林和城市环境表现出显著不同的反应。对于心率变异性，受试者在森林环境中的ln（HF）显著高于城市环境，而ln（LF/HF）则较低。与城市环境相比，森林环境中的心率有所下降。观赏后，森林环境被认为比城市环境明显更“舒适”、“舒缓”和“自然”。“恢复精神”感觉的得分也显著更高。在森林区域观赏风景后，STAI中“状态焦虑”的得分显著降低。观赏森林区域的风景后，POMS中“活力”子量表的得分显著提高，而“紧张-焦虑”和“疲劳”等负面情绪的得分则显著降低。
这些结果为一日森林疗法的生理和心理效应提供了科学证据。
