Reker Celeste, Islam K M
Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-4395, USA.
Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-4395, USA.
Int J Infect Dis. 2014 Aug;25:104-6. doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2014.02.003. Epub 2014 May 24.
Egypt has the highest reported prevalence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) globally. Until now, no systematic review has been conducted to understand risk factors associated with these high prevalence rates of HCV. This study attempted to identify the various HCV risk factors in Egypt responsible for the high incidence and prevalence rates.
Using systematic literature review methods, we searched databases for eligible manuscripts, selecting cohort and case-control studies published in English. Peer-reviewed papers published between 2008 and February 2013 were included. A total of 11 articles met the study selection criteria.
The most examined risk factors found during our review analysis were surgery, transfusion, and age (64-82% of total articles; n = 11). Multiple risk factors held significant association with HCV infection in the included research.
Based on this review, the main HCV risk factor categories are unsafe medical practices and familial risk factors. Improving medical safety and encouraging familial education on HCV may help reduce the incidence of the disease. Most risk factors for HCV transmission in Egypt are healthcare-associated. Primary prevention of HCV infection remains important to reduce HCV transmission. Further research should also focus on risk factor dynamics of HCV in Egypt to reduce transmission and HCV disease burden.
据报道，埃及是全球丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）患病率最高的国家。迄今为止，尚未进行系统评价以了解与这些高HCV患病率相关的危险因素。本研究试图确定埃及导致高发病率和患病率的各种HCV危险因素。
采用系统文献综述方法，我们在数据库中搜索符合条件的手稿，选择以英文发表的队列研究和病例对照研究。纳入2008年至2013年2月期间发表的同行评审论文。共有11篇文章符合研究选择标准。
在我们的综述分析中发现，研究最多的危险因素是手术、输血和年龄（占文章总数的64 - 82%；n = 11）。在纳入的研究中，多种危险因素与HCV感染存在显著关联。
基于本综述，主要的HCV危险因素类别是不安全的医疗行为和家族危险因素。提高医疗安全性并鼓励开展关于HCV的家庭教育可能有助于降低该疾病的发病率。埃及大多数HCV传播危险因素与医疗保健相关。HCV感染的一级预防对于减少HCV传播仍然很重要。进一步的研究还应关注埃及HCV的危险因素动态，以减少传播和HCV疾病负担。
