Davarian Sanaz, Maroufi Nader, Ebrahimi Esmaeil, Parnianpour Mohammad, Farahmand Farzam
Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Faculty of Rehabilitation, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
J Back Musculoskelet Rehabil. 2014;27(4):545-51. doi: 10.3233/BMR-140480.
It is suggested that activation of the transverse abdominis muscle has a stabilizing effect on the lumbar spine by raising intra-abdominal pressure without added disc compression. However, its feedforward activity has remained a controversial issue. In addition, research regarding bilateral activation of trunk muscles during a unilateral arm movement is limited. The aim of this study was to evaluate bilateral anticipatory activity of trunk muscles during unilateral arm flexion.
Eighteen healthy subjects (aged 25 ± 3.96 years) participated in this study and performed 10 trials of rapid arm flexion in response to a visual stimulus. The electromyographic activity of the right anterior deltoid (AD) and bilateral trunk muscles including the transverse abdominis/internal oblique (TA/IO), superficial lumbar multifidus (SLM) and lumbar erector spine (LES) was recorded. The onset latency and anticipatory activity of the recorded trunk muscles were calculated.
The first muscle activated in anticipation of the right arm flexion was the left TA/IO. The right TA/IO activated significantly later than all other trunk muscles (P < 0.0005). In addition, anticipatory activity of the right TA/IO was significantly lower than all other trunk muscles (P < 0.0005). There was no significant difference in either onset latency or anticipatory activity among other trunk muscles (P > 0.05).
Healthy subjects showed no bilateral anticipatory co-activation of TA/IO in unilateral arm elevation. Further investigations are required to delineate normal muscle activation pattern in healthy subjects prior to prescribing bilateral activation training of transverse abdominis for subjects with chronic low back pain.
有研究表明，腹横肌的激活可通过增加腹内压对腰椎起到稳定作用，且不会增加椎间盘压力。然而，其前馈活动一直存在争议。此外，关于单侧手臂运动时躯干肌肉双侧激活的研究有限。本研究的目的是评估单侧手臂屈曲时躯干肌肉的双侧预期活动。
18名健康受试者（年龄25±3.96岁）参与本研究，针对视觉刺激进行10次快速手臂屈曲试验。记录右侧三角肌前部（AD）以及包括腹横肌/腹内斜肌（TA/IO）、浅层腰多裂肌（SLM）和竖脊肌（LES）在内的双侧躯干肌肉的肌电活动。计算所记录躯干肌肉的起始潜伏期和预期活动。
预期右臂屈曲时首先激活的肌肉是左侧TA/IO。右侧TA/IO的激活明显晚于所有其他躯干肌肉（P<0.0005）。此外，右侧TA/IO的预期活动明显低于所有其他躯干肌肉（P<0.0005）。其他躯干肌肉在起始潜伏期或预期活动方面均无显著差异（P>0.05）。
健康受试者在单侧手臂抬高时未表现出TA/IO的双侧预期共同激活。在为慢性下腰痛患者开具腹横肌双侧激活训练处方之前，需要进一步研究以明确健康受试者的正常肌肉激活模式。
