Welbergen Lena, Pinilla Severin, Pander Tanja, Gradel Maximilian, von der Borch Philip, Fischer Martin R, Dimitriadis Konstantinos
LMU München, Institute for Medical Education, München, Germany.
Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Neurologische Klinik und Poliklinik, Klinikum Großhadern, München, Deutschland.
GMS Z Med Ausbild. 2014 May 15;31(2):Doc17. doi: 10.3205/zma000909. eCollection 2014.
The selection of a future medical specialty is a challenge all medical students face during the course of their studies. Students can choose from more than sixty specialties after graduation. There is usually no structured career counselling program available at German medical faculties. So far only little data on acceptance, formats and effects of different career counselling programs are available. The aim of this study is to describe an innovative format of career counselling for medical students including its evaluation of acceptance and its possible influence on medical specialty preferences.
The need for career counselling became evident after the analysis of mentor-mentee conversations held within the mentoring program of our medical faculty, an online-based survey, an ad-hoc focus group and a pilot event. Panel discussions as an interactive format of presenting related medical specialties were developed and hence held four times under the name "FacharztDuell". Students evaluated all events separately with a questionnaire and changes in medical specialty choice preferences were documented using an Audience-Response-System (ARS). The FacharztDuell is organized regularly and supported by faculty teaching funds.
Among the student body FacharztDuell was well accepted (an average of 300 participants/event) and rated (average grade of 1.8 (SD= 0.7, 1=very good, 6=unsatisfactory, n=424). On average, 77.8% of the participating students considered the FacharztDuell to be a decision support for their future selection of a specialty. Up to 12% of the students changed their medical specialty choice preference throughout the event.
FacharztDuell was well accepted by medical students of all semesters and seems to be supportive for their selection of a future medical specialty. However, longitudinal studies are necessary to better understand the decision making process of medical students along their career path. The FacharztDuell is easily transferrable to other faculties with respect to organization, staff and technical resources.
选择未来的医学专业是所有医学生在学习过程中面临的一项挑战。毕业后，学生可以从六十多个专业中进行选择。德国医学院通常没有结构化的职业咨询项目。到目前为止，关于不同职业咨询项目的接受度、形式和效果的数据很少。本研究的目的是描述一种针对医学生的创新型职业咨询形式，包括对其接受度的评估以及对医学专业偏好可能产生的影响。
在对我校医学院指导计划中的师徒对话进行分析、开展一项在线调查、组织一次临时焦点小组讨论以及举办一次试点活动之后，职业咨询的必要性变得显而易见。作为展示相关医学专业的一种互动形式，小组讨论得以开展，并以“专科医生对决”的名义举办了四次。学生们用问卷分别对所有活动进行了评估，并使用观众反应系统（ARS）记录了医学专业选择偏好的变化。“专科医生对决”定期组织，并由学院教学资金提供支持。
在全体学生中，“专科医生对决”广受好评（平均每次活动有300名参与者），评分也很高（平均分为1.8（标准差=0.7，1=非常好，6=不满意，n=424）。平均而言，77.8%的参与学生认为“专科医生对决”对他们未来的专业选择具有决策支持作用。在整个活动过程中，高达12%的学生改变了他们的医学专业选择偏好。
“专科医生对决”受到了各学期医学生的广泛认可，似乎有助于他们选择未来的医学专业。然而，需要进行纵向研究，以更好地了解医学生在其职业道路上的决策过程。就组织、人员和技术资源而言，“专科医生对决”很容易移植到其他学院。
