Thigpen Lauren K, Green James M, OʼNeal Eric K
Department of Health, Physical Education, and Recreation, University of North Alabama, Florence, Alabama.
J Strength Cond Res. 2014 Dec;28(12):3425-31. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0000000000000549.
Hydration affects multiple aspects of basketball performance, but few investigations have examined the hydration profiles of collegiate basketball players. We examined multiday prepractice hydration status of 11 male and 11 female NCAA (National Collegiate Athletic Association) Division II basketball players' sweat losses, fluid intake, and how accurately players estimated their sweat losses. Urine-specific gravity (USG) was spontaneously assessed before 2 practices. Sweat losses and fluid intakes were measured during a conditioning practice (CP) and sport-specific practice (SP). After practices, players filled 1,030 ml practice bottles to estimate their sweat losses. Urine-specific gravity between practices exhibited a moderate correlation (r = 0.54; p = 0.012) and were consistently high (17% of samples = USG >1.030) with no difference in mean USG between men (1.026 ± 0.004) and women (1.022 ± 0.008). Athletes' estimations of their sweat loss volumes between CP and the longer SP were strongly correlated (r = 0.88; p < 0.001). Estimation error was high (absolute error for both practices = 71 ± 52%) and error direction varied greatly within men. Women consistently underestimated sweat losses by 63 ± 28% and 65 ± 20% during CP and SP. Sweat losses during SP equaled 2,471 ± 495 ml and 1,910 ± 441 ml for men and women, respectively, but high practice fluid intake limited body mass losses to 1.1 ± 0.6% by the end of practice. It is plausible that hypohydration is related to poor conceptualization of sweat losses. Simulating the methodology of this study could help identify chronically hypohydrated athletes and be used to educate on between-practice fluid needs.
水合作用会影响篮球运动表现的多个方面，但很少有研究考察过大学篮球运动员的水合状况。我们研究了11名男性和11名女性美国国家大学体育协会（NCAA）二级篮球运动员多天训练前的水合状态、汗液流失、液体摄入量以及运动员对自身汗液流失估计的准确程度。在两次训练前自发评估尿比重（USG）。在一次体能训练（CP）和专项运动训练（SP）期间测量汗液流失和液体摄入量。训练结束后，让运动员将1030毫升的训练瓶装满以估计他们的汗液流失量。两次训练之间的尿比重呈中度相关（r = 0.54；p = 0.012），且一直处于较高水平（17%的样本 = USG > 1.030），男性（1.026 ± 0.004）和女性（1.022 ± 0.008）的平均尿比重无差异。运动员在CP和较长时间的SP之间对汗液流失量的估计高度相关（r = 0.88；p < 0.001）。估计误差很大（两次训练的绝对误差 = 71 ± 52%），且男性内部误差方向差异很大。女性在CP和SP期间始终低估汗液流失量，分别低估了63 ± 28%和65 ± 20%。SP期间男性和女性的汗液流失量分别为2471 ± 495毫升和1910 ± 441毫升，但训练期间较高的液体摄入量使训练结束时体重减轻限制在1.1 ± 0.6%。水合不足可能与对汗液流失的概念理解不佳有关。模拟本研究的方法可能有助于识别长期水合不足的运动员，并用于指导训练期间的液体需求。
