Simmen-Janevska Keti, Horn Andrea B, Krammer Sandy, Maercker Andreas
Z Psychosom Med Psychother. 2014;60(2):146-61. doi: 10.13109/zptm.2014.60.2.146.
The study examined the relationship between potential traumatic events in childhood and motivational abilities in old adulthood according to developmental stage.
The motivational abilities of self-efficacy, conscientiousness and impulsivity (self control) were investigated in a sample of 114 formerly indentured Swiss child laborers. Adversities were assessed by the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ). The sample was split into four age groups according to the beginning of the potential trauma: infancy (0-2), preschool (3-5), early childhood (6-9), and early adolescence (≥ 10).
The strongest relationship was found between self-efficacy and CTQ in the group "early adolescence," followed by the relationship between conscientiousness and CTQ in the same group. Impulsivity and CTQ were most strongly associated in the "preschool" group.
Childhood adversities seem to have a negative impact on self-efficacy and conscientiousness after the age of ten. In contrast, self-control seems to be affected by the deleterious effect of trauma or adversity already at an earlier age.
本研究根据发育阶段，探讨童年期潜在创伤事件与老年期动机能力之间的关系。
对114名曾是契约劳工的瑞士童工样本进行自我效能感、尽责性和冲动性（自我控制）等动机能力的调查。通过儿童创伤问卷（CTQ）评估逆境情况。根据潜在创伤开始的时间，将样本分为四个年龄组：婴儿期（0 - 2岁）、学龄前（3 - 5岁）、幼儿期（6 - 9岁）和青春期早期（≥10岁）。
在“青春期早期”组中，自我效能感与CTQ之间的关系最为密切，其次是同一组中尽责性与CTQ之间的关系。在“学龄前”组中，冲动性与CTQ的关联最为强烈。
童年逆境似乎在十岁以后对自我效能感和尽责性产生负面影响。相比之下，自我控制似乎在更早的年龄就受到创伤或逆境的有害影响。
