Simmen-Janevska Keti, Forstmeier Simon, Krammer Sandy, Maercker Andreas
University of Zurich, Switzerland.
Violence Vict. 2015;30(6):1068-81. doi: 10.1891/0886-6708.VV-D-13-00174. Epub 2015 Oct 5.
Traumatic experiences may affect an individual's ability to exercise self-control, which is an essential characteristic for successfully managing life. As a measure of self-control, we used the delay discounting paradigm, that is, the extent to which a person devalues delayed gratification. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between childhood trauma and delay discounting using a control group design with elderly participants with a mean age of 76.2 years. Swiss former indentured child laborers (n=103) who had been exposed to trauma during their childhood were compared with nontraumatized controls (n=50). The trauma exposure group showed a considerably higher preference for immediate smaller rewards than the controls, indicating their lower self-control. A hierarchical regression analysis revealed that a history of abuse, current self-efficacy, and education were significantly associated with delay discounting. Implications for future research are discussed.
创伤经历可能会影响个体的自我控制能力，而自我控制能力是成功应对生活的一项基本特征。作为自我控制的一种衡量方式，我们采用了延迟折扣范式，即一个人对延迟满足的贬值程度。本研究的目的是通过对平均年龄为76.2岁的老年参与者进行对照组设计，来调查童年创伤与延迟折扣之间的关系。将童年时期遭受过创伤的瑞士前契约童工（n = 103）与未受过创伤的对照组（n = 50）进行比较。创伤暴露组比对照组表现出对即时较小奖励的明显更高偏好，表明他们的自我控制能力较低。分层回归分析显示，虐待史、当前的自我效能感和教育程度与延迟折扣显著相关。文中还讨论了对未来研究的启示。
