Henderson A H
University of Wales College of Medicine, Cardiff, UK.
Cardiovasc Drugs Ther. 1989 Jun;3 Suppl 1:241-8. doi: 10.1007/BF00148468.
The nature, mechanism of action, and roles of endothelium-derived relaxant factor (EDRF) are reviewed, particularly in relation to the coordination of vascular behavior in response to changes in flow, coronary spasm, and platelet aggregation. Vascular endothelium performs a multiplicity of roles. It is an active sieve for macromolecules and leukocytes, a negatively charged "lubricant" for passage of negatively charged red cells and platelets, and a factory for Von Willebrand factor, glycoaminoglycans, and plasminogen activator and its inhibitor. It is also a processing plant that metabolizes adenosine nucleotides to adenosine and activates angiotensin. Endothelium also produces prostacyclin and endothelium-derived relaxant factor, which act synergistically and through different pathways to the common ends of relaxing vascular smooth muscle and inhibiting platelet aggregation. Most recently it has been shown to also produce a constrictor agent called endothelin, a peptide whose structure has now been elucidated. This review will concentrate on EDRF, the recently discovered vasodilator agent that is continuously released by all vascular endothelium. It would be premature to define the role of EDRF in ischemic heart disease. It may, however, be timely to consider the ways in which EDRF might be relevant, based on a review of what is at present known.
本文综述了内皮源性舒张因子（EDRF）的性质、作用机制及其作用，尤其涉及到其在应对血流变化、冠状动脉痉挛和血小板聚集时对血管行为的协调作用。血管内皮发挥着多种作用。它是大分子和白细胞的活性筛，是带负电荷的红细胞和血小板通过的带负电荷的“润滑剂”，也是血管性血友病因子、糖胺聚糖、纤溶酶原激活剂及其抑制剂的产生场所。它还是一个将腺苷核苷酸代谢为腺苷并激活血管紧张素的加工厂。内皮还产生前列环素和内皮源性舒张因子，它们通过不同途径协同作用，共同实现舒张血管平滑肌和抑制血小板聚集的目的。最近发现它还能产生一种名为内皮素的收缩剂，其结构现已阐明。本文将重点关注EDRF，这是一种最近发现的由所有血管内皮持续释放的血管舒张剂。在缺血性心脏病中定义EDRF的作用还为时过早。然而，基于目前已知的情况进行综述，考虑EDRF可能相关的方式或许是适时的。
