Yan Qi, Vang Le Van, Khanh Chau Nguyen Quoc, Naka Hideshi, Ando Tetsu
Graduate School of Bio-Applications and Systems Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Koganei, Tokyo, 184-8588, Japan.
J Chem Ecol. 2014 Jun;40(6):590-8. doi: 10.1007/s10886-014-0446-9. Epub 2014 May 31.
The sweet potato vine borer moth, Omphisa anastomosalis (Pyraloidea: Crambidae), is a serious pest in tropical and subtropical Asia-Pacific regions. In previous work using a population from Okinawa, Japan, (10E,14E)-10,14-hexadecadienal (E10,E14-16:Ald) was identified as the major pheromone component, with hexadecanal, (E)-10-hexadecenal, and (E)-14-hexadecenal as minor components. However, traps baited with the synthetic compounds were less effective at attracting males in the field than those baited with virgin females. While Pyraloidea females usually produce only Type I pheromone components (unsaturated fatty alcohols and their derivatives), the pheromones of some Pyraloidea species have been shown to involve a combination of both Type I and Type II components (unsaturated hydrocarbons and their epoxides). We examined an extract of the pheromone glands of female O. anastomosalis from Vietnam by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry and detected (3Z,6Z,9Z)-3,6,9-tricosatriene (Z3,Z6,Z9-23:H) in addition to the compounds identified previously. All four isomers of 10,14-16:Ald were synthesized. A mixture of synthetic E10,E14-16:Ald and Z3,Z6,Z9-23:H in a ratio of 1:0.2-1:2 was attractive to male moths in Vietnam, indicating the strong synergistic effect of the Type II compound. Addition of the other minor pheromone components to the binary blend did not increase the number of male moths captured. Combinations of Z3,Z6,Z9-23:H with the other three geometrical isomers of E10,E14-16:Ald attracted no males, further substantiating the 10E,14E configuration of the natural diene component. E10,E14-16:Ald mixed with other polyunsaturated hydrocarbons showed that mixtures that included a C21 triene, a C22 triene, or a C23 pentaene attracted as many males as did the mixture with Z3,Z6,Z9-23:H. The identification of a highly attractive sex pheromone will help in developing efficient strategies for monitoring and control of O. anastomosalis populations in sweet potato fields.
甘薯茎螟蛾（Omphisa anastomosalis，螟蛾科：草螟亚科）是热带和亚热带亚太地区的一种严重害虫。在之前使用来自日本冲绳的种群进行的研究中，（10E,14E）-10,14-十六碳二烯醛（E10,E14-16:Ald）被鉴定为主要性信息素成分，十六醛、（E）-10-十六碳烯醛和（E）-14-十六碳烯醛为次要成分。然而，用合成化合物诱捕的诱捕器在田间吸引雄性的效果不如用处女雌蛾诱捕的诱捕器。虽然螟蛾科雌虫通常只产生I型性信息素成分（不饱和脂肪醇及其衍生物），但一些螟蛾科物种的性信息素已被证明包含I型和II型成分（不饱和烃及其环氧化物）的组合。我们通过气相色谱-质谱联用仪检测了来自越南的雌性甘薯茎螟蛾性信息素腺体的提取物，除了之前鉴定出的化合物外，还检测到了（3Z,6Z,9Z）-3,6,9-二十三碳三烯（Z3,Z6,Z9-23:H）。合成了10,14-16:Ald的所有四种异构体。在越南，合成的E10,E14-16:Ald和Z3,Z6,Z9-23:H以1:0.2 - 1:2的比例混合对雄蛾具有吸引力，表明II型化合物具有很强的协同作用。向二元混合物中添加其他次要性信息素成分并没有增加捕获的雄蛾数量。Z3,Z6,Z9-23:H与E10,E14-16:Ald的其他三种几何异构体的组合没有吸引到雄蛾，进一步证实了天然二烯成分的10E,14E构型。E10,E14-16:Ald与其他多不饱和烃混合表明，包含C21三烯、C22三烯或C23五烯的混合物吸引的雄蛾数量与与Z3,Z6,Z9-23:H混合的混合物吸引的雄蛾数量一样多。鉴定出一种极具吸引力的性信息素将有助于制定有效的策略来监测和控制甘薯田中甘薯茎螟蛾的种群数量。
