Agricultural and Food Engineering Department, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, West Bengal 721302, India.
Sci Total Environ. 2014 Nov 15;499:414-23. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.05.048. Epub 2014 May 28.
The global population is increasing rapidly and expected to touch the 9.5 billion mark by 2050 from the current 7.2 billion. The management of the groundwater resources is a challenging task worldwide against the backdrop of the growing water demand for industrial, agricultural, and domestic uses and shrinking resources. Moreover, this task has been hampered significantly due to declining/rising groundwater levels and associated contamination. A broad range of solutions could be considered to address the aforementioned problems of groundwater management, but the effectiveness of all the solutions and their combinations cannot be verified with field experiments. Given their predictive capability, simulation models are often the only viable means of providing input to management decisions, as they can forecast the likely impacts of a particular water management strategy. This paper presents a comprehensive review on the simulation modeling applications for the management of groundwater resources. The past papers on the overview of groundwater simulation models, use of remote sensing and GIS in groundwater modeling, and application of simulation models in arid and semiarid regions are described in detail. Conclusions are drawn where gaps exist and more research needs to be focused.
全球人口正在迅速增长，预计从目前的 72 亿增长到 2050 年的 95 亿。在工业、农业和家庭用水需求不断增长、资源不断减少的背景下，全球范围内管理地下水资源是一项具有挑战性的任务。此外，由于地下水位下降/上升和相关污染，这一任务受到了严重阻碍。可以考虑采用广泛的解决方案来解决上述地下水管理问题，但所有解决方案及其组合的有效性都无法通过现场试验来验证。由于具有预测能力，模拟模型通常是为管理决策提供输入的唯一可行手段，因为它们可以预测特定水资源管理策略的可能影响。本文对地下水资源管理的模拟建模应用进行了全面综述。详细描述了过去关于地下水模拟模型概述、遥感和 GIS 在地下水建模中的应用以及模拟模型在干旱和半干旱地区的应用的论文。在存在差距的地方得出了结论，并需要集中进行更多的研究。
