Pozzi Lara, Knechtle Beat, Knechtle Patrizia, Rosemann Thomas, Lepers Romuald, Rüst Christoph Alexander
Institute of General Practice and Health Services Research, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Institute of General Practice and Health Services Research, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland ; Gesundheitszentrum St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland.
BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil. 2014 May 15;6:19. doi: 10.1186/2052-1847-6-19. eCollection 2014.
The purpose of this study was to examine the sex and age-related differences in performance in a draft-legal ultra-cycling event.
Age-related changes in performance across years were investigated in the 24-hour draft-legal cycling event held in Schötz, Switzerland, between 2000 and 2011 using multi-level regression analyses including age, repeated participation and environmental temperatures as co-variables.
For all finishers, the age of peak cycling performance decreased significantly (β = -0.273, p = 0.036) from 38 ± 10 to 35 ± 6 years in females but remained unchanged (β = -0.035, p = 0.906) at 41.0 ± 10.3 years in males. For the annual fastest females and males, the age of peak cycling performance remained unchanged at 37.3 ± 8.5 and 38.3 ± 5.4 years, respectively. For all female and male finishers, males improved significantly (β = 7.010, p = 0.006) the cycling distance from 497.8 ± 219.6 km to 546.7 ± 205.0 km whereas females (β = -0.085, p = 0.987) showed an unchanged performance of 593.7 ± 132.3 km. The mean cycling distance achieved by the male winners of 960.5 ± 51.9 km was significantly (p < 0.001) greater than the distance covered by the female winners with 769.7 ± 65.7 km but was not different between the sexes (p > 0.05). The sex difference in performance for the annual winners of 19.7 ± 7.8% remained unchanged across years (p > 0.05). The achieved cycling distance decreased in a curvilinear manner with advancing age. There was a significant age effect (F = 28.4, p < 0.0001) for cycling performance where the fastest cyclists were in age group 35-39 years.
In this 24-h cycling draft-legal event, performance in females remained unchanged while their age of peak cycling performance decreased and performance in males improved while their age of peak cycling performance remained unchanged. The annual fastest females and males were 37.3 ± 8.5 and 38.3 ± 5.4 years old, respectively. The sex difference for the fastest finishers was ~20%. It seems that women were not able to profit from drafting to improve their ultra-cycling performance.
本研究旨在探讨在一场符合参赛资格的超长距离自行车赛事中，成绩与性别及年龄的相关差异。
在2000年至2011年于瑞士绍茨举办的24小时符合参赛资格的自行车赛事中，采用多级回归分析，将年龄、重复参赛情况及环境温度作为协变量，研究多年来成绩随年龄的变化情况。
对于所有完赛者，女性自行车成绩峰值的年龄从38±10岁显著下降至35±6岁（β=-0.273，p=0.036），而男性则保持不变，为41.0±10.3岁（β=-0.035，p=0.906）。对于年度最快的女性和男性，自行车成绩峰值的年龄分别保持在37.3±8.5岁和38.3±5.4岁不变。对于所有女性和男性完赛者，男性骑行距离显著增加（β=7.010，p=0.006），从497.8±219.6公里增至546.7±205.0公里，而女性成绩（β=-0.085，p=0.987）保持在593.7±132.3公里不变。男性冠军的平均骑行距离为960.5±51.9公里，显著大于女性冠军的769.7±65.7公里（p<0.001），但性别间差异不显著（p>0.05）。年度冠军成绩的性别差异为19.7±7.8%，多年来保持不变（p>0.05）。骑行距离随年龄增长呈曲线下降。自行车成绩存在显著的年龄效应（F=28.4，p<0.0001），最快的骑行者年龄在35-39岁组。
在这场24小时符合参赛资格的自行车赛事中，女性成绩保持不变，但其自行车成绩峰值年龄下降，男性成绩提高，但其自行车成绩峰值年龄保持不变。年度最快的女性和男性分别为37.3±8.5岁和38.3±5.4岁。最快完赛者的性别差异约为20%。女性似乎无法从跟风骑行中受益以提高其超长距离自行车成绩。
