James D C S, Harville C, Efunbumi O, Martin M Y
Department of Health Science Education, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
J Hum Nutr Diet. 2015 Feb;28 Suppl 2:41-9. doi: 10.1111/jhn.12239. Epub 2014 Jun 1.
Individuals with limited health literacy (LHL) have poorer health outcomes and have difficulty understanding and complying with recommendations to maintain a healthy lifestyle. The present study examined the association between health literacy (HL) and sources of dieting information, the weight-loss methods used and the information needed to manage weight among African American women.
This mixed method study included seven focus groups and a survey of 413 African American women. Binary logistic regression analyses were performed to examine the association between HL category and sources of dieting information, weight-loss methods and information needed to lose weight. Thematic analysis was used to analyse focus group data.
Women with LHL were significantly more likely to have a higher body mass index (BMI) than those with AHL (P < 0.05). Compared to respondents with LHL, those with adequate health literacy (AHL) are more likely to rely on information obtained from the Internet (P < 0.001), although they are less likely to rely on information obtained from the television (P < 0.05). They also are significantly more likely to participate in physical activity to lose weight (P ≤ 0.002). In addition, women with AHL were significantly less likely to want information on portion control (P = 0.002). Major qualitative themes were the importance of television and the Internet as major sources of health information, the use of healthy and unhealthy weight-loss methods, and being overwhelmed by the plethora of dieting information.
HL may affect BMI among AA women, where they access dieting information and the types of information needed to manage their weight.
健康素养有限（LHL）的个体健康状况较差，在理解和遵循维持健康生活方式的建议方面存在困难。本研究调查了非裔美国女性的健康素养（HL）与节食信息来源、所采用的减肥方法以及体重管理所需信息之间的关联。
这项混合方法研究包括七个焦点小组以及对413名非裔美国女性的调查。进行二元逻辑回归分析，以检验HL类别与节食信息来源、减肥方法以及减肥所需信息之间的关联。采用主题分析法分析焦点小组数据。
与具备充足健康素养（AHL）的女性相比，LHL女性的体重指数（BMI）显著更高（P < 0.05）。与LHL受访者相比，具备充足健康素养的受访者更有可能依赖从互联网获取的信息（P < 0.001），不过她们依赖从电视获取信息的可能性较小（P < 0.05）。她们参与体育活动以减肥的可能性也显著更高（P ≤ 0.002）。此外，具备AHL的女性想要获取分量控制信息的可能性显著更低（P = 0.002）。主要的定性主题包括电视和互联网作为健康信息主要来源的重要性、健康和不健康减肥方法的使用，以及面对过多节食信息不知所措。
HL可能会影响非裔美国女性的BMI、她们获取节食信息的途径以及体重管理所需的信息类型。
