Luczynski Kevin C, Hanley Gregory P
University of Nebraska Medical Center's Munroe-Meyer Institute.
J Appl Behav Anal. 2014 Fall;47(3):500-22. doi: 10.1002/jaba.140. Epub 2014 Jun 3.
Several studies have shown that children prefer contingent reinforcement (CR) rather than yoked noncontingent reinforcement (NCR) when continuous reinforcement is programmed in the CR schedule. Preference has not, however, been evaluated for practical schedules that involve CR. In Study 1, we assessed 5 children's preference for obtaining social interaction via a multiple schedule (periods of fixed-ratio 1 reinforcement alternating with periods of extinction), a briefly signaled delayed reinforcement schedule, and an NCR schedule. The multiple schedule promoted the most efficient level of responding. In general, children chose to experience the multiple schedule and avoided the delay and NCR schedules, indicating that they preferred multiple schedules as the means to arrange practical schedules of social interaction. In Study 2, we evaluated potential controlling variables that influenced 1 child's preference for the multiple schedule and found that the strong positive contingency was the primary variable.
多项研究表明，当在连续强化时间表中安排连续强化（CR）时，儿童更喜欢连续强化而非匹配的非连续强化（NCR）。然而，对于涉及连续强化的实际时间表，尚未评估其偏好情况。在研究1中，我们评估了5名儿童通过多重时间表（固定比率1强化期与消退期交替）、短暂信号延迟强化时间表和非连续强化时间表来获得社交互动的偏好。多重时间表促进了最高效的反应水平。总体而言，儿童选择体验多重时间表，而避开延迟和非连续强化时间表，这表明他们更喜欢将多重时间表作为安排社交互动实际时间表的方式。在研究2中，我们评估了影响1名儿童对多重时间表偏好的潜在控制变量，发现强烈的正相关是主要变量。
