Makide Kumiko, Uwamizu Akiharu, Shinjo Yuji, Ishiguro Jun, Okutani Michiyo, Inoue Asuka, Aoki Junken
Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan PRESTO Japan Science and Technology Corporation, Saitama, Japan.
Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.
J Lipid Res. 2014 Oct;55(10):1986-95. doi: 10.1194/jlr.R046920. Epub 2014 Jun 2.
It is now accepted that lysophospholipids (LysoGPs) have a wide variety of functions as lipid mediators that are exerted through G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) specific to each lysophospholipid. While the roles of some LysoGPs, such as lysophosphatidic acid and sphingosine 1-phosphate, have been thoroughly examined, little is known about the roles of several other LysoGPs, such as lysophosphatidylserine (LysoPS), lysophosphatidylthreonine, lysophosphatidylethanolamine, lysophosphatidylinositol (LPI), and lysophosphatidylglycerol. Recently, a GPCR was found for LPI (GPR55) and three GPCRs (GPR34/LPS1, P2Y10/LPS2, and GPR174/LPS3) were found for LysoPS. In this review, we focus on these newly identified GPCRs and summarize the actions of LysoPS and LPI as lipid mediators.
现在人们已经认识到，溶血磷脂（LysoGPs）作为脂质介质具有多种功能，这些功能是通过每种溶血磷脂特有的G蛋白偶联受体（GPCRs）发挥的。虽然一些溶血磷脂的作用，如溶血磷脂酸和1-磷酸鞘氨醇，已经得到了深入研究，但对于其他几种溶血磷脂的作用，如溶血磷脂酰丝氨酸（LysoPS）、溶血磷脂酰苏氨酸、溶血磷脂酰乙醇胺、溶血磷脂酰肌醇（LPI）和溶血磷脂酰甘油，人们却知之甚少。最近，发现了一种LPI的GPCR（GPR55），并发现了三种LysoPS的GPCR（GPR34/LPS1、P2Y10/LPS2和GPR174/LPS3）。在这篇综述中，我们重点关注这些新发现的GPCR，并总结LysoPS和LPI作为脂质介质的作用。
