Wechsler-Kashi Deena, Schwartz Richard G, Cleary Miranda
J Speech Lang Hear Res. 2014 Oct;57(5):1870-82. doi: 10.1044/2014_JSLHR-L-13-0321.
In the present study, the authors examined lexical naming in children with cochlear implants (CIs). The goal was to determine whether children with CIs have deficits in lexical access and organization as revealed through reaction time in picture-naming and verbal fluency (VF) experiments.
Children with CIs (n = 20, ages 7-10) were compared with 20 children with normal hearing (NH) matched for age and nonverbal IQ. Lexical abilities were examined using two naming tasks: a timed picture-naming task and a phonological and semantic VF naming task. Picture naming taps into lexical access capabilities and the VF task elucidates lexical organization.
No group differences were found between children with CIs and children with NH on the timed picture-naming task. Children with CIs generated significantly fewer words than the children with NH on the VF tasks. Larger group differences were found for the phonological VF task compared with the semantic VF task.
Limited early linguistic and auditory experiences may affect lexical representations and organization (lexical-semantic connections) in school-age children with hearing loss who use CIs. Further analyses and studies should continue to examine these underlying linguistic deficits. The present results suggest a need to emphasize not only increasing the size of children's vocabularies during therapy, but also expanding and increasing the semantic and phonological richness of their lexical representations.
在本研究中，作者对接受人工耳蜗植入（CI）的儿童的词汇命名进行了研究。目的是通过图片命名和言语流畅性（VF）实验中的反应时间来确定接受人工耳蜗植入的儿童在词汇获取和组织方面是否存在缺陷。
将20名接受人工耳蜗植入的儿童（年龄7 - 10岁）与20名年龄和非言语智商相匹配的听力正常（NH）儿童进行比较。使用两项命名任务来检查词汇能力：一项限时图片命名任务和一项语音及语义VF命名任务。图片命名考察词汇获取能力，VF任务阐明词汇组织。
在限时图片命名任务中，接受人工耳蜗植入的儿童与听力正常的儿童之间未发现组间差异。在VF任务中，接受人工耳蜗植入的儿童生成的单词明显少于听力正常的儿童。与语义VF任务相比，语音VF任务的组间差异更大。
有限的早期语言和听觉体验可能会影响使用人工耳蜗植入的学龄期听力损失儿童的词汇表征和组织（词汇 - 语义联系）。进一步的分析和研究应继续检查这些潜在的语言缺陷。目前的结果表明，不仅在治疗期间需要强调增加儿童的词汇量，还需要扩展和增加其词汇表征的语义和语音丰富性。
