Prostate segmentation based on variant scale patch and local independent projection.

Accurate segmentation of the prostate in computed tomography (CT) images is important in image-guided radiotherapy; however, difficulties remain associated with this task. In this study, an automatic framework is designed for prostate segmentation in CT images. We propose a novel image feature extraction method, namely, variant scale patch, which can provide rich image information in a low dimensional feature space. We assume that the samples from different classes lie on different nonlinear submanifolds and design a new segmentation criterion called local independent projection (LIP). In our method, a dictionary containing training samples is constructed. To utilize the latest image information, we use an online updated strategy to construct this dictionary. In the proposed LIP, locality is emphasized rather than sparsity; local anchor embedding is performed to determine the dictionary coefficients. Several morphological operations are performed to improve the achieved results. The proposed method has been evaluated based on 330 3-D images of 24 patients. Results show that the proposed method is robust and effective in segmenting prostate in CT images.