Duarte Bruna Mara, Bernal Regina Tomie Ivata, Malta Deborah Carvalho
Nurse School, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
Center for Epidemiological Research in Nutrition and Health, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil.
Rev Bras Epidemiol. 2013 Sep;16(3):572-81. doi: 10.1590/s1415-790x2013000300002.
The Non Communicable Diseases (NCD) are the main causes of death in, having known, avoidable the Risk Factor (RF) and susceptible to intervention.
Identify the prevalence of RF and protection for NCD in the Belo Horizonte, 2008.
Data were analyzed from Vigitel, in Belo Horizonte, 2008. They are presented to the frequencies of RF according to gender, schooling, and calculated the p-value and the PR.
Men showed more frequencie in the following RF: higher consumption of meat and milk with fats, soft drinks, abusive consumption of alcohol, drive after drinking, ex-smokers. Men presented in relation to protective factors statistically significant differences in consumption of beans and leisure-time physical activity. Women had the highest frequencies in the consumption of fruits and vegetables, protection against ultraviolet radiation, self-assessment of health as poor, and declared more morbidities such as: arterial hypertension, dyslipidemia, asthma and osteoporosis. Adults with low levels of education compared with high education (reference) presented the following PR: smoke PR 2.09 (95%CI 1.43 - 3.05); consumption of 20 cigarettes and more PR 2.54 (95%CI 1.19 - 5.43); overweight PR 1.27 (95%CI 1.02 - 1.56); obesity PR 1.6 (95%CI 1.04 - 2.47); consumption of soft drinks PR 2,07 (95%CI 1.51 - 2.83); consumption of fruit and vegetable intake PR 0.53 (95%CI 0.40 - 0.72); consumption of beans PR 1.15 (95%CI 1.05 - 1.27); watch TV PR 1.33 (95%CI 1.00 - 1.77); driving after alcohol consumption PR 0.14 (95%CI 0.04 - 0.53); hypertension PR 1.75 (95%CI 1.37 - 2.24); diabetes PR 2.24 (95%CI 1.23 - 4.09).
The telephone surveys are an important method to monitor the distribution of risk and protective factors in the population and to permit to orient health promotion programs and prevention.
非传染性疾病（NCD）是已知可避免风险因素且易于干预的主要死因。
确定2008年贝洛奥里藏特市非传染性疾病的风险因素患病率及保护因素情况。
分析了2008年贝洛奥里藏特市Vigitel的数据。按性别、受教育程度列出风险因素的频率，并计算p值和PR值。
男性在以下风险因素中出现频率更高：食用高脂肪肉类和牛奶、饮用软饮料、酗酒、酒后驾车、既往吸烟者。在豆类消费和休闲体育活动等保护因素方面，男性存在统计学显著差异。女性在水果和蔬菜消费、紫外线防护、自我评估健康状况差以及宣称患有更多疾病（如动脉高血压、血脂异常、哮喘和骨质疏松症）方面频率最高。与高学历（参照组）相比，低学历成年人的PR值如下：吸烟PR 2.09（95%置信区间1.43 - 3.05）；每天吸20支及以上香烟PR 2.54（95%置信区间1.19 - 5.43）；超重PR 1.27（95%置信区间1.02 - 1.56）；肥胖PR 1.6（95%置信区间1.04 - 2.47）；饮用软饮料PR 2.07（95%置信区间1.51 - 2.83）；水果和蔬菜摄入量PR 0.53（95%置信区间0.40 - 0.72）；豆类消费PR 1.15（95%置信区间1.05 - 1.27）；看电视PR 1.33（95%置信区间1.00 - 1.77）；酒后驾车PR 0.14（95%置信区间0.04 - 0.53）；高血压PR 1.75（95%置信区间1.37 - 2.24）；糖尿病PR 2.24（95%置信区间1.23 - 4.09）。
电话调查是监测人群中风险因素和保护因素分布情况以及为健康促进项目和预防工作提供指导的重要方法。
