Jones R B
Agricultural Research Council's Poultry Research Centre, King's Buildings, West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH9 3JS Great Britain.
Behav Processes. 1977 Jun;2(2):163-73. doi: 10.1016/0376-6357(77)90018-3.
Seven-day-old male and female chicks of three strains were placed individually in an open field or novel environment for 15-min periods; this procedure was repeated daily for four consecutive days. Several behavioural characteristics were recorded and the magnitude and direction of any changes in the characteristics with repeated exposure were analysed. Significant decreases over time were observed in the following characteristics: latency to the first step, duration of freezing, sitting time, lying time, eye-closure and head-shaking, whereas significant increases with repeated testing were recorded for distress calling, number of steps taken, walking time, pecking, preening and jumping. No significant changes were observed in defaecation, standing time, bill opening or scratching the litter. The results are discussed in terms of the measurement of fearful behaviour under the assumption that experience in a novel environment may act to reduce the level of fear associated with that situation.
将三种品系7日龄的雄性和雌性雏鸡分别置于旷场或新环境中15分钟；此过程连续4天每天重复。记录了几种行为特征，并分析了重复暴露后这些特征变化的幅度和方向。随着时间的推移，观察到以下特征显著下降：第一步的潜伏期、静止时间、坐卧时间、闭眼和摇头，而重复测试时，鸣叫、步数、行走时间、啄食、梳理羽毛和跳跃显著增加。排便、站立时间、张嘴或扒拉垫料未观察到显著变化。在假设新环境中的经历可能会降低与该情境相关的恐惧水平的前提下，对恐惧行为的测量结果进行了讨论。
