Heuts B A
Departments of Experimental Zoology and Animal Behaviour, Institute for Neurobiology, University of Amsterdam, Kruislaan 320, 1098 SM Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Behav Processes. 1999 Sep;47(2):113-24. doi: 10.1016/s0376-6357(99)00056-x.
A significant bias towards right-hand startle C-bends was found in vibration-stimulated zebra- and goldfish, but not in guppies and four Cichlid species. The goldfish right bias was significantly larger if they turned their head towards than away from the vibratory stimulus. In an undisturbed situation the fast swimming-turns of isolated goldfish and grouped zebrafish were significantly right-biased, especially so when attacked by group mates. In contrast, the slow turns were significantly left-biased, except for female zebrafish showing significantly right-biased slow turns during periods of non-attack by group mates. The contrast in left-right-bias between fast and slow turns may perhaps be explained by a white-muscle-mass bias to the right versus a red-muscle bias to the left, especially so in the anal region of the trunk of the zebrafish, because fast swimming is mainly powered by white muscle in contrast to red-muscle-powered slow swimming. Fish taxa that occur in open-water habitats and which are more often exposed to predatory fish might have evolved stronger muscular and behavioral lateralizations than more substrate-bound fish taxa.
在振动刺激下的斑马鱼和金鱼中发现了明显偏向右手惊跳C形弯曲的现象，但孔雀鱼和四种丽鱼科鱼类中未发现。如果金鱼转头朝向振动刺激源而非远离它，其向右的偏向会显著更大。在未受干扰的情况下，单独的金鱼和成群的斑马鱼快速游动转弯时明显偏向右侧，尤其是在受到同伴攻击时。相比之下，缓慢转弯则明显偏向左侧，但在同伴不攻击期间，雌性斑马鱼的缓慢转弯明显偏向右侧。快速转弯和缓慢转弯在左右偏向方面的差异，可能是由于白色肌肉质量偏向右侧而红色肌肉偏向左侧，特别是在斑马鱼躯干的肛门区域，因为快速游动主要由白色肌肉提供动力，而缓慢游动则由红色肌肉提供动力。生活在开阔水域栖息地且更常暴露于捕食性鱼类的鱼类分类群，可能比更多依赖底物的鱼类分类群进化出了更强的肌肉和行为侧化。
