试验间隔强化物对大鼠计时行为的影响。

Effects of intertrial reinforcers on rats' timing behavior.

作者信息

Wilkie D M, Symons L A, Tees R C

机构信息

Department of Psychology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C. Canada V6T 1Y7.

出版信息

Behav Processes. 1988 Sep;17(3):229-38. doi: 10.1016/0376-6357(88)90006-X.

DOI:10.1016/0376-6357(88)90006-X

PMID:24897549

Abstract

Two experiments were conducted to assess the effects of non-contingent intertrial interval (ITI) reinforcers on rats' discrimination of duration. In the first experiment, rats' discrimination of a 2 vs. 8 s of light was significantly disrupted when reinforcers were presented in the ITI. Disruption was not different on short (2 s) and long (8 s) trials. The second experiment showed that this disruptive effect was not specific to trials preceded by ITI reinforcers; responding on empty ITI trials run in the same session as ITI-reinforcer trials was also disrupted. This disruption however was not as great as on the ITI-reinforcer trials. The results of these experiments show that ITI reinforcers affect timing discriminations in much the same way they affect classical conditioning and delayed matching to sample. However, detailed examination of the results suggests that the deleterious effects of ITI reinforcers in these different paradigms might be produced by different rather than the same mechanism. The results also support the conclusion that pre-trial reinforcement "priming" produces disruption rather than facilitation in complex tasks.

摘要

进行了两项实验，以评估非偶然性试验间隔（ITI）强化物对大鼠持续时间辨别能力的影响。在第一个实验中，当在试验间隔期间呈现强化物时，大鼠对2秒与8秒光照的辨别能力受到显著干扰。在短（2秒）试验和长（8秒）试验中，干扰没有差异。第二个实验表明，这种干扰效应并非特定于由试验间隔强化物之前的试验；在与试验间隔强化物试验在同一时段进行的无强化试验间隔试验中的反应也受到了干扰。然而，这种干扰不如试验间隔强化物试验中的干扰那么大。这些实验的结果表明，试验间隔强化物影响时间辨别能力的方式与它们影响经典条件反射和延迟样本匹配的方式非常相似。然而，对结果的详细检查表明，试验间隔强化物在这些不同范式中的有害影响可能是由不同而非相同的机制产生的。结果还支持了这样的结论，即在复杂任务中，试验前强化“启动”会产生干扰而非促进作用。