a Department of Anatomy, Histology and Physiology , University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy , Kosice , Slovak Republic.
J Environ Sci Health B. 2014;49(8):616-23. doi: 10.1080/03601234.2014.911593.
Carbamates (CB) are used as insecticides and some of them have been registered as human drugs. The mechanism of CB poisoning involves reversible inhibition of acetylcholine esterase. In the present study, we investigated changes in liver ultrastructure in rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) which were administered bendiocarb for 3, 10, 20, and 30 days. Rabbits in all experimental groups received capsules of bendiocarb (96% Bendiocarb, Bayer, Germany) per os daily at a dose of 5 mg/kg of body weight, and after day 11 received the same dose every 48 h. The observed changes were only moderate, focal, and the effect on the liver was not uniform. On the third day of the experiment, injured hepatocytes had dilated bile capillaries with reduced microvilli. There were no visible alterations in the intercellular contacts. Nuclei of these cells were irregular in shape. Many hepatocytes showed considerable increase in the number of peroxisomes. On day 10 of the experiment, the number of peroxisomes was reduced. Other changes, such as dilated rough endoplasmic reticulum and proliferation of smooth endoplasmic reticulum were observed on day 20. The number of lipid droplets in hepatocytes gradually increased. Usually they were present in low numbers, but on day 30 of the experiment their number increased significantly. They coalesced and formed a single lipid droplet which changed the shape of the nuclei. The results presented in this study indicate that both short and long-term administration of bendiocarb affects the liver ultrastructure. At the same time we also observed rapid onset of regeneration of the damaged tissue through activation of hepatocytes and oval cells.
氨基甲酸酯（CB）被用作杀虫剂，其中一些已被注册为人类药物。CB 中毒的机制涉及乙酰胆碱酯酶的可逆抑制。在本研究中，我们研究了连续 3、10、20 和 30 天给予涕灭威的兔（Oryctolagus cuniculus）肝脏超微结构的变化。所有实验组的兔子均经口给予涕灭威胶囊（拜耳德国，96%涕灭威），剂量为 5mg/kg 体重，第 11 天后每 48 小时给予相同剂量。观察到的变化仅为中度、局灶性，对肝脏的影响不均匀。实验第 3 天，受损的肝细胞有扩张的胆小管，微绒毛减少。细胞间接触没有明显改变。这些细胞的核形状不规则。许多肝细胞显示过氧化物酶体数量明显增加。实验第 10 天，过氧化物酶体数量减少。第 20 天观察到其他变化，如粗面内质网扩张和滑面内质网增生。肝细胞内的脂滴数量逐渐增加。通常数量较少，但在实验第 30 天，其数量显著增加。它们融合并形成单个脂滴，改变了核的形状。本研究结果表明，涕灭威的短期和长期给药均会影响肝脏超微结构。同时，我们还观察到通过激活肝细胞和卵圆细胞，受损组织的快速再生。
