Dusing Stacey C, Izzo Theresa, Thacker Leroy R, Galloway James Cole
S.C. Dusing, PT, PhD, Physical Therapy Department, Virginia Commonwealth University, PO Box 980224, 1200 E Broad St, Richmond, VA 23298 (USA).
T. Izzo, PT, DPT, PCS, Physical Therapy Department, Virginia Commonwealth University.
Phys Ther. 2014 Oct;94(10):1508-16. doi: 10.2522/ptj.20140023. Epub 2014 Jun 5.
Perception-action theory suggests a cyclical relationship between movement and perceptual information. In this case series, changes in postural complexity were used to quantify an infant's action and perception during the development of early motor behaviors.
Three infants born preterm with periventricular white matter injury were included.
Longitudinal changes in postural complexity (approximate entropy of the center of pressure), head control, reaching, and global development, measured with the Test of Infant Motor Performance and the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development, were assessed every 0.5 to 3 months during the first year of life. All 3 infants demonstrated altered postural complexity and developmental delays. However, the timing of the altered postural complexity and the type of delays varied among the infants. For infant 1, reduced postural complexity or limited action while learning to control her head in the midline position may have contributed to her motor delay. However, her ability to adapt her postural complexity eventually may have supported her ability to learn from her environment, as reflected in her relative cognitive strength. For infant 2, limited early postural complexity may have negatively affected his learning through action, resulting in cognitive delay. For infant 3, an increase in postural complexity above typical levels was associated with declining neurological status.
Postural complexity is proposed as a measure of perception and action in the postural control system during the development of early behaviors. An optimal, intermediate level of postural complexity supports the use of a variety of postural control strategies and enhances the perception-action cycle. Either excessive or reduced postural complexity may contribute to developmental delays in infants born preterm with white matter injury.
感知 - 行动理论表明运动与感知信息之间存在循环关系。在本病例系列中，姿势复杂性的变化被用于量化婴儿早期运动行为发展过程中的行动与感知。
纳入了三名患有脑室周围白质损伤的早产婴儿。
在生命的第一年中，每0.5至3个月使用婴儿运动表现测试和贝利婴幼儿发育量表评估姿势复杂性（压力中心的近似熵）、头部控制、伸手够物和整体发育的纵向变化。所有三名婴儿均表现出姿势复杂性改变和发育迟缓。然而，姿势复杂性改变的时间和延迟类型在婴儿之间有所不同。对于婴儿1，在学习控制中线位置的头部时姿势复杂性降低或行动受限可能导致了她的运动延迟。然而，她最终适应姿势复杂性的能力可能支持了她从环境中学习的能力，这体现在她相对较强的认知能力上。对于婴儿2，早期有限的姿势复杂性可能通过行动对他的学习产生了负面影响，导致认知延迟。对于婴儿3，姿势复杂性高于典型水平的增加与神经状态下降有关。
姿势复杂性被提议作为早期行为发展过程中姿势控制系统中感知和行动的一种度量。姿势复杂性的最佳中间水平支持使用多种姿势控制策略，并增强感知 - 行动循环。姿势复杂性过高或过低都可能导致患有白质损伤的早产婴儿出现发育迟缓。
