Principal Research Associate, University College London, United Kingdom.
Disasters. 2014 Jul;38(3):465-82. doi: 10.1111/disa.12066.
Many agencies working on disaster risk reduction use vulnerability and capacity assessment (VCA) to identify vulnerable groups, to assess their needs and capacities, and to develop appropriate programmes and policies. In theory, VCA offers a good opportunity to incorporate disabled people's needs and resources in counter-disaster programming. This paper seeks to establish and explain the extent to which disability is included in VCA in practice. It reviews VCA reports and findings, formal VCA guidance, and other methodological literature. The review indicates that disability is a neglected issue in VCA practice and that manuals and guidelines, while promoting the general ideal of inclusiveness, are insufficiently aware of the challenges to achieving this in practice and do not offer enough guidance on how to reach and include disabled people. Ways of overcoming these problems are suggested. However, the real challenge may be to change core attitudes and perceptions of disability within implementing organisations.
许多从事减少灾害风险工作的机构利用脆弱性和能力评估（VCA）来确定脆弱群体，评估他们的需求和能力，并制定适当的方案和政策。从理论上讲，VCA 为将残疾人的需求和资源纳入灾害应对方案提供了一个很好的机会。本文旨在确定和解释残疾问题在实际 VCA 中得到了多大程度的体现。它审查了 VCA 报告和调查结果、正式的 VCA 指导以及其他方法学文献。审查表明，残疾问题在 VCA 实践中被忽视，而且手册和指南虽然促进了包容性的总体理念，但对在实践中实现这一目标所面临的挑战认识不足，也没有就如何接触和包容残疾人提供足够的指导。本文提出了克服这些问题的方法。然而，真正的挑战可能是改变实施组织内部对残疾问题的核心态度和看法。
