Wass Sam V
Medical Research Council Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, Cambridge, UK.
Infant Behav Dev. 2014 Aug;37(3):315-25. doi: 10.1016/j.infbeh.2014.04.007. Epub 2014 Jun 4.
Convergent research points to the importance of studying the ontogenesis of sustained attention during the early years of life, but little research hitherto has compared and contrasted different techniques available for measuring sustained attention. Here, we compare methods that have been used to assess one parameter of sustained attention, namely infants' peak look duration to novel stimuli. Our focus was to assess whether individual differences in peak look duration are stable across different measurement techniques. In a single cohort of 42 typically developing 11-month-old infants we assessed peak look duration using six different measurement paradigms (four screen-based, two naturalistic). Zero-order correlations suggested that individual differences in peak look duration were stable across all four screen-based paradigms, but no correlations were found between peak look durations observed on the screen-based and the naturalistic paradigms. A factor analysis conducted on the dependent variable of peak look duration identified two factors. All four screen-based tasks loaded onto the first factor, but the two naturalistic tasks did not relate, and mapped onto a different factor. Our results question how individual differences observed on screen-based tasks manifest in more ecologically valid contexts.
多项研究表明，在生命早期研究持续性注意力的个体发生具有重要意义，但迄今为止，很少有研究对测量持续性注意力的不同技术进行比较和对比。在此，我们比较了用于评估持续性注意力一个参数的方法，即婴儿对新刺激的最长注视持续时间。我们的重点是评估最长注视持续时间的个体差异在不同测量技术中是否稳定。在一组42名发育正常的11个月大婴儿中，我们使用六种不同的测量范式（四种基于屏幕的，两种自然主义的）评估最长注视持续时间。零阶相关性表明，最长注视持续时间的个体差异在所有四种基于屏幕的范式中是稳定的，但在基于屏幕的范式和自然主义范式中观察到的最长注视持续时间之间没有相关性。对最长注视持续时间的因变量进行的因素分析确定了两个因素。所有四种基于屏幕的任务都加载到第一个因素上，但两种自然主义任务没有关联，映射到不同的因素上。我们的结果质疑了在基于屏幕的任务中观察到的个体差异在更符合生态效度的情境中是如何表现的。
