Basnet Sudha, Mathisen Maria, Strand Tor A
Child Health Department, Institute of Medicine, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal; Centre for International Health, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
Department of Microbiology and Infection Control, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromso, Norway.
J Trace Elem Med Biol. 2015;31:163-6. doi: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2014.05.006. Epub 2014 May 22.
Zinc is an essential micronutrient important for growth and for normal function of the immune system. Many children in developing countries have inadequate zinc nutrition. Routine zinc supplementation reduces the risk of respiratory infections and diarrhea, the two leading causes of morbidity and mortality in young children worldwide. In childhood diarrhea oral zinc also reduces illness duration and risk of persistent episodes. Oral zinc is therefore recommended for the treatment of acute diarrhea in young children. The results from the studies that have measured the therapeutic effect of zinc on acute respiratory infections, however, are conflicting. Moreover, the results of therapeutic zinc for childhood malaria also are so far not promising.This paper gives a brief outline of the current evidence from clinical trials on therapeutic effect of oral zinc on childhood respiratory infections, pneumonia and malaria and also of new evidence of the effect on serious bacterial illness in young infants.
锌是一种必需的微量营养素，对生长和免疫系统的正常功能至关重要。发展中国家的许多儿童锌营养不足。常规补充锌可降低呼吸道感染和腹泻的风险，这两种疾病是全球幼儿发病和死亡的主要原因。在儿童腹泻中，口服锌还可缩短病程并降低持续性腹泻发作的风险。因此，建议口服锌用于治疗幼儿急性腹泻。然而，测量锌对急性呼吸道感染治疗效果的研究结果相互矛盾。此外，锌治疗儿童疟疾的结果目前也不太乐观。本文简要概述了目前关于口服锌对儿童呼吸道感染、肺炎和疟疾治疗效果的临床试验证据，以及对幼儿严重细菌感染影响的新证据。
