Prevalence and associated factors of obstructive sleep apnea in hospitalized patients with type 2 diabetes in Beijing, China 2.

BACKGROUND

The aim of the present study was to assess the prevalence and risk factors associated with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in hospitalized patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in China.

METHODS

Patients with T2DM who were hospitalized in four facilities in Beijing were invited to participate in the study. In all, 337 patients were enrolled consecutively, and 210 (62.3%) completed the study. Data from 472 patients in a non-consecutive expanding study were analyzed for the association study. A portable monitoring device was used to detect the presence of OSA. The apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) and the lowest level of oxygen saturation during the night were recorded to evaluate the severity of OSA. Logistic regression analysis was used to estimate the odds ratio (OR) for OSA for risk factors.

RESULTS

The prevalence of OSA was 66.7%. The prevalence of moderate to severe OSA (AHI ≥15/h) was 20.0%. The multi-adjusted OR (95% confidence interval) estimating OSA corresponding to a 1-year increase in age was 1.06 (1.04, 1.08), whereas that to a 1-kg/m(2) increase in body mass index (BMI) was 1.18 (1.11, 1.26). The lowest oxygen saturation was associated with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) and cerebral infarction; the multivariate adjusted OR (95% CI) corresponding to a 1% increase in lowest oxygen saturation were 0.95 (0.92, 0.99) and 0.97 (0.94, 0.99), respectively.

CONCLUSION

A high prevalence of OSA was observed in this sample of patients with T2DM in China. Age and BMI were associated with the presence of OSA. The lowest oxygen saturation was independently associated with the presence of PDR and cerebral infarction.