Papadimitriou Dimitrios E V, Friedland Bernard, Gannam Camille, Salari Samira, Gallucci German O
Division of Regenerative and Implant Sciences, Department of Restorative Dentistry and Biomaterials Sciences, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA.
Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Department of Oral Medicine, Infection, and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA.
Clin Implant Dent Relat Res. 2015 Dec;17(6):1127-33. doi: 10.1111/cid.12224. Epub 2014 Jun 6.
Narrow-diameter implants (NDIs) are proven treatment options for completely edentulous patients with severely resorbed alveolar ridges. The aim of this study was to evaluate virtually whether or not the implant diameter affects the need for ridge augmentation in edentulous patients, using a 3D planning software program.
Existing cone beam CT scans of 200 outpatients (100 maxillae, 100 mandibles) were selected, and treatment was planned in a virtual 3D planning software program with either 3.3 mm-diameter implants (test group) or 4.1 mm-diameter implants (control group). Statistical analysis was performed.
A total of 1,760 implants were virtually planned (880 implants each for test and control groups). Overall, significantly associated with the absence or need for ridge augmentation as compared with need for ridge augmentation (p < .0001). Use of the 3.3 mm-diameter implants increased the odds ratio for ridge augmentation being unnecessary by 2.2 (95% confidence interval) relative to the 4.1 mm-diameter implants.
Use of NDIs was able to provide a statistically significant reduction in need for bone grafting among completely edentulous patients. More clinical longitudinal studies are necessary to confirm the long-term success of their use.
窄直径种植体（NDIs）已被证实是牙槽嵴严重吸收的全口无牙患者的治疗选择。本研究的目的是使用三维规划软件程序，通过虚拟方式评估种植体直径是否会影响无牙患者牙槽嵴增高的必要性。
选取200例门诊患者（100例上颌骨，100例下颌骨）现有的锥形束CT扫描图像，并在虚拟三维规划软件程序中分别使用直径3.3mm的种植体（试验组）或直径4.1mm的种植体（对照组）进行治疗规划。进行统计学分析。
共虚拟规划了1760颗种植体（试验组和对照组各880颗）。总体而言，与需要牙槽嵴增高相比，无牙槽嵴增高或需要牙槽嵴增高之间存在显著相关性（p<0.0001）。相对于直径4.1mm的种植体，使用直径3.3mm的种植体使无需牙槽嵴增高的优势比增加了2.2（95%置信区间）。
使用窄直径种植体能够在统计学上显著降低全口无牙患者骨移植的必要性。需要更多的临床纵向研究来证实其长期使用的成功性。
