Ullman Sarah E, Peter-Hagene Liana
Department of Criminology, Law & Justice, University of Illinois at Chicago.
J Community Psychol. 2014 May 1;42(4):495-508. doi: 10.1002/jcop.21624.
The social reactions that sexual assault victims receive when they disclose their assault have been found to relate to posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms. Using path analysis and a large sample of sexual assault survivors (N = 1863), we tested whether perceived control, maladaptive coping, and social and individual adaptive coping strategies mediated the relationships between social reactions to disclosure and PTSD symptoms. We found that positive social reactions to assault disclosure predicted greater perceived control over recovery, which in turn was related to less PTSD symptoms. Positive social reactions to assault disclosure were also associated with more adaptive social and individual coping; however, only adaptive social coping predicted PTSD symptoms. Negative social reactions to assault disclosure were related to greater PTSD symptoms both directly and indirectly through maladaptive coping and marginally through lower perceived control over recovery.
研究发现，性侵犯受害者披露其受侵犯经历时所得到的社会反应与创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）症状有关。我们使用路径分析方法，并以大量性侵犯幸存者样本（N = 1863）进行研究，测试了感知控制、适应不良应对方式以及社会和个体适应性应对策略是否在对披露的社会反应与PTSD症状之间的关系中起中介作用。我们发现，对侵犯披露的积极社会反应预示着对康复有更大的感知控制，而这反过来又与较少的PTSD症状相关。对侵犯披露的积极社会反应还与更多适应性的社会和个体应对方式相关；然而，只有适应性社会应对方式能预测PTSD症状。对侵犯披露的消极社会反应通过适应不良应对方式直接和间接地与更多PTSD症状相关，并且通过对康复的较低感知控制微弱相关。
