预期指导呈现方式对孕妇关于母婴口腔卫生保健知识及态度的影响
Effect of Anticipatory Guidance Presentation Methods on the Knowledge and Attitude of Pregnant Women Relative to Maternal, Infant and Toddler's Oral Health Care.
作者信息
Ramazani Nahid, Zareban Iraj, Ahmadi Rahil, ZadSirjan Saeede, Daryaeian Mohammad
机构信息
Assistant Professor, Children and Adolescent Health Research Center, Dental Research Center, Dept of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran.
Department of Health Education, School of Health, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran.
出版信息
J Dent (Tehran). 2014 Jan;11(1):22-30. Epub 2014 Jan 31.
OBJECTIVE
The prenatal period is the best time for health interventions. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of different methods of anticipatory guidance presentation on the change of knowledge and attitude of pregnant women regarding oral healthcare in the mother, infant and toddler.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
In this quasi-experimental study, 90 pregnant women attended one health center in Zahedan, Iran; they were divided into direct intervention, indirect intervention and control groups. A self-reported questionnaire was completed before intervention. The guidance was presented to the direct intervention group, by PowerPoint and to the indirect group by pamphlet. Immediately after the intervention, the questionnaire was completed by intervention groups and two months later by all participants. Difference in the scores at start and end was calculated. Mann-Whitney, Kruskal-Wallis with Dunn's post hoc and Friedman with K-W post-hoc tests were used for statistical analysis. The data was analyzed using SPPS version 19 software at a significance level of 0.05.
RESULTS
The change in scores of knowledge relevant to maternal, infant and toddler's oral health and attitude toward maternal oral healthcare had significant differences in the three studied groups (P>0.05), The changes of scores in the four mentioned variables in the intervention groups were significantly higher than controls. In comparison between the intervention groups, the change in score of knowledge about maternal oral healthcare was significantly higher in the direct intervention group (P=0.023).
CONCLUSION
Anticipatory guidance presentation led to change in the score of knowledge about maternal, infant and toddler's oral health and attitude towards maternal oral health in comparison to no presentation. The direct presentation had superiority over indirect in increasing knowledge about maternal oral healthcare.
目的
孕期是进行健康干预的最佳时期。本研究旨在评估不同形式的产前指导对孕妇关于母婴口腔保健知识和态度变化的影响。
材料与方法
在这项准实验研究中，90名孕妇参与了伊朗扎黑丹的一个健康中心的研究；她们被分为直接干预组、间接干预组和对照组。在干预前完成一份自填式问卷。直接干预组通过PowerPoint进行指导，间接干预组通过宣传册进行指导。干预后立即由干预组完成问卷，两个月后所有参与者完成问卷。计算开始和结束时分数的差异。采用Mann-Whitney检验、Kruskal-Wallis检验及Dunn事后检验和Friedman检验及K-W事后检验进行统计分析。使用SPPS 19版软件进行数据分析，显著性水平为0.05。
结果
在三个研究组中，与母婴口腔健康相关的知识得分及对产妇口腔保健的态度变化存在显著差异（P>0.05），干预组上述四个变量的得分变化显著高于对照组。在干预组之间比较，直接干预组产妇口腔保健知识得分的变化显著高于间接干预组（P=0.023）。
结论
与未进行指导相比，产前指导使孕妇关于母婴口腔健康的知识得分及对产妇口腔健康的态度发生了变化。在增加产妇口腔保健知识方面，直接指导优于间接指导。
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