Prather Andrew D, Smith Tristan R, Poletto Dana M, Tavora Fabio, Chung Jonathan H, Nallamshetty Leelakrishna, Hazelton Todd R, Rojas Carlos A
*Department of Radiology §Diagnostic Radiology Residency, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, FL ‡Department of Radiology, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO †Argos Laboratory, Fortaleza, Brazil.
J Thorac Imaging. 2014 Sep;29(5):304-9. doi: 10.1097/RTI.0000000000000092.
Aspiration is a common but underrecognized clinicopathologic entity, with varied radiographic manifestations. Aspiration represents a spectrum of diseases, including diffuse aspiration bronchiolitis, aspiration pneumonitis, airway obstruction by foreign body, exogenous lipoid pneumonia, interstitial fibrosis, and aspiration pneumonia with or without lung abscess formation. Many patients who aspirate do not present with disease, suggesting that pathophysiology is related to a variety of factors, including decreased levels of consciousness, dysphagia, impaired mucociliary clearance, composition of aspirate, and impaired host defenses. In this pictorial essay, we will review the different types of aspiration lung diseases, focusing on their imaging features and differential diagnosis.
误吸是一种常见但未被充分认识的临床病理实体，具有多种影像学表现。误吸代表一系列疾病，包括弥漫性误吸性细支气管炎、误吸性肺炎、异物气道阻塞、外源性类脂性肺炎、间质性纤维化以及伴有或不伴有肺脓肿形成的误吸性肺炎。许多发生误吸的患者并无疾病表现，这表明病理生理学与多种因素有关，包括意识水平下降、吞咽困难、黏液纤毛清除功能受损、误吸物成分以及宿主防御功能受损。在这篇影像专题文章中，我们将回顾不同类型的误吸性肺部疾病，重点关注其影像学特征和鉴别诊断。
