Koh Gloria A, Scott Jane A, Woodman Richard J, Kim Susan W, Daniels Lynne A, Magarey Anthea M
Nutrition & Dietetics, School of Medicine, Flinders University, PO Box 2100, Adelaide, Australia.
School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, Australia.
Appetite. 2014 Oct;81:44-51. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2014.06.008. Epub 2014 Jun 6.
Adequate consumption of fruits and vegetables (FV) is a characteristic of a healthy diet but remains a challenge in nutrition interventions. This cross-sectional study explored the multi-directional relationships between maternal feeding self-efficacy, parenting confidence, child feeding behaviour, exposure to new food and FV intake in a cohort of 277 infants. Mothers with healthy infants weighing ≥2500 g and ≥37 weeks gestation were recruited post-natally from 11 South Australian hospitals. Socio-demographic data were collected at recruitment. At 6 months postnatal, infants were weighed and measured, and mothers completed a questionnaire exploring their perceptions of child feeding behaviour and child exposure to new foods. The questionnaire also included the Short Temperament Scale for Infants, Kessler 10 to measure maternal psychological distress and 5 items measuring maternal feeding self-efficacy. The number of occasions and variety of FV (number of subgroups within food groups) consumed by infants were estimated from a 24-hour dietary recall and 2 days food record. Structural equation modelling was performed using Mplus version 6.11. Median (IQR) variety scores were 2 (1-3) for fruit and 3 (2-5) for vegetable intake. The most popular FV consumed were apple (n = 108, 45.0%) and pumpkin (n = 143, 56.3%). None of the variables studied predicted the variety of child fruit intake. Parenting confidence, exposure to new foods and child feeding behaviour were indirectly related to child vegetable intake through maternal feeding self-efficacy while total number of children negatively predicted child vegetable variety (p < 0.05). This highlights the need for addressing antecedents of maternal feeding self-efficacy and the family eating environment as key strategies towards development of healthy eating in children.
充足摄入水果和蔬菜是健康饮食的一个特点，但在营养干预中仍然是一项挑战。这项横断面研究探讨了277名婴儿队列中母亲喂养自我效能感、育儿信心、儿童喂养行为、新食物接触与水果和蔬菜摄入量之间的多向关系。从南澳大利亚州的11家医院产后招募了健康婴儿（体重≥2500克且孕周≥37周）的母亲。招募时收集了社会人口统计学数据。产后6个月时，对婴儿进行称重和测量，母亲们完成了一份问卷，探讨她们对儿童喂养行为和儿童新食物接触情况的看法。问卷还包括婴儿气质短量表、用于测量母亲心理困扰的凯斯勒10项量表以及5项用于测量母亲喂养自我效能感的条目。根据24小时饮食回顾和2天食物记录估算婴儿食用水果和蔬菜的次数及种类（食物组内亚组数量）。使用Mplus 6.11版进行结构方程建模。水果摄入的种类得分中位数（四分位间距）为2（1 - 3），蔬菜摄入为3（2 - 5）。最常食用的水果和蔬菜分别是苹果（n = 108，45.0%）和南瓜（n = 143，56.3%）。所研究的变量均未预测儿童水果摄入的种类。育儿信心、新食物接触和儿童喂养行为通过母亲喂养自我效能感与儿童蔬菜摄入间接相关，而孩子总数对儿童蔬菜种类有负向预测作用（p < 0.05）。这凸显了将解决母亲喂养自我效能感的影响因素和家庭饮食环境作为促进儿童健康饮食发展的关键策略的必要性。
